Small Bowel

Question 1

What are the two most common causes of small bowel obstructions?

Answer 1

Adhesions and hernias

Question 2

3 clinical signs of small bowel obstruction?

Answer 2

Borborygmi sound
Ab distention
Obstipation

Question 3

Two image step for obstruction?

Answer 3

KUB looking for fluid air levels

CT with contrast to see if it is complete or incomplete

Question 4

Treatment for incomplete and complete small bowel obstruction?

Answer 4

Conservative, fluids, potassium, NG tube decompression for 3 days
Surgery

Question 5

Patient population getting direct hernias?
What does it herniate through?
Same questions for indirect?

Answer 5

Adult males
Transversalis

Babies, male
Through inguinal ring into testes

Question 6

Patient population of femoral and where do they go?

Cause of ventral?

Answer 6

Females, under inguinal ligament

Failure of fascia to close, post op is a big deal

Question 7

3 severities of hernias?

Answer 7

Reducible
Incarcerated
Strangulated

Question 8

Pain pattern of appendicitis?

Answer 8

Periumbillical first, goes away, and then comes back at McBurneys

Question 9

Triad of carcinoid syndrome?

How to diagnose?

Answer 9

Flushing, wheezing, diarrhea

Urine for 5 HIAA
CT to confirm