Trauma Flashcards
What is Corneal Abrasion?
Trauma from scratching the surface of the eye
What are the symptoms of corneal abrasion? (6)
Feeling of sand/grit in the eye, eye pain, tearing, redness, photophobia, blurred vision
What is the treatment for Corneal Abrasion?
Antibiotic eye drops e.g Chloramphenicol or Fusidic Acid, Local Anaesthetic Drops, eye patch, avoid contact lenses (severe abrasions may need surgical intervention)
What is an Ocular Foreign Body?
When small particles lodge in the Corneal Epithelium or Stroma
What happens when Foreign Bodies get in the eye?
May initiate an inflammatory cascade resulting in dilation of vessels and oedema
What are the risks of foreign bodies?
They may cause infection or tissue necrosis
What are the symptoms of Foreign Bodies?
Might visualise it, pain, tearing, redness, photophobia
What are the treatments for Foreign Bodies?
Do not patch if chance of retained foreign body, antibiotic drops, topical atropine for the pain and photophobia, irrigation with saline or sterile needle for removal of foreign body
What is a blunt/penetrating injury?
When a foreign body compromises the eyeball causing retrobulbar haemorrhage, open globe injuries, or corneal foreign bodies
What are the red flags of Blunt injurys?
Reduced visual acuity, pain unrelieved by anaesthetic drops, diplopia, flashes and new floaters, pupil iris and fundal abnormalities
What investigations are needed in penetrating injuries?
CT scan to properly assess the damage
What is the treatment for a penetrating injury?
May need irrigation with saline, medical removal of a foreign body, topical antibiotics, oral and topical analgesia
