trauma

Question 1

PTSD criteria

Answer 1

experiences witnesses, learns about the event happening or experiences repeated exposure to details of traumatic events

one or more intrusive sx (nightmares, flashbacks)

avoidance behaviors-avoids memories or feelings associated with trauma or avoid external reminders that trigger sx

2 or more negative alterations in cognitions and mood related to traumatic event (inability to remember trauma, negative beliefs about one self or persistent negative emotional state)

2 or more alterations in arousal and activity related to trauma (hypervigilance)

sx present 1 or more months

Question 2

basis of trauma focused CBT

Answer 2

patient education
cognitive restructuring
exposure

Question 3

PTSD neuroimaging finding

Answer 3

increased activity of amygdala

hypoactivation or deactivation in medial prefrontal cortex regions

decreased hippocampal activation

Question 4

demographic with higher rate of PTSD than AA and Euro american counterparts

Answer 4

latino

Question 5

reactive attachment disorder

Answer 5

repeated changes in caregiver
hx of neglect
avoidance of social interaction
resistance to comforting from others

Question 6

younger vs older PTSD vets when taking ssri

Answer 6

younger respond better

Question 7

adjustment DO

Answer 7

within 3 mo of stressor

ceases within 6 mo of stressor ending

change in emotional or behavioral symptoms that are out of proportion to severity of stressor and/or causes impairment

Question 8

adjustment DO differences in prognosis between teens and adults

Answer 8

teens prognosis and more guarded, more likely to develop psychiatric illness than adults with adjustment DO.

Question 9

psych illness comborbidity rate

Answer 9

pts w PTSD are 80% more likely to meet criteria for another menal disorder

in kids- ptsd is comorbid with separation anxiety disorder

adult males more likely to have comorbid substance abuse and conduct disorder

PTSD has comorbidity with major neurocognitive DO

Question 10

persistent complex bereavement time criteria for kids and adults

Answer 10

kids- 6 mo

adults- 1 yr

Question 11

4 categories of PTSD sx

Answer 11

intrusive thoughts
mood alterations
hypervigilance
avoidance (of sensory and trauma related material)

Question 12

3 major brain function dysregulation in PTSD

Answer 12

overstimulated amygdala

underactive hippocampus

ineffective variability

Question 13

stages of grief

Answer 13

DABBA
“death always brings deep acceptance”

denial
anger
bargaining 
depression 
acceptance

Question 14

dissociative amnesia

Answer 14

aka psychogenic

loss of autobiographical memory
sometimes with preserved ability for new learning

often associated with stressful events

usually either localized or selective

Question 15

transient global amnesia

Answer 15

impairs recent memory

spares immediate memory and remote memory

inability to learn new info, sustained memories

• secondary syndromes caused by medical or primary cerebral , substance use, medication adverse effects

usually around 6-24hours
linked to ischemia of temporal lobe and diencephalic brain regions

Question 16

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 16

two or more personality states
gaps in recall of everyday personal information
hx of childhood trauma

1.5% prevalence
genders roughly equal

over 70% have hx of SA or self harm

Question 17

depersonalization/derealization Disorder

DDD

Answer 17

presence of recurrent expereince of depersonalization, dereal or both

being detached from thoughts, feelings, body, sensations or actions

experiences of unreality or detachment w/ respect to surroundings

highly comorbid with unipolar depression and anxiety DOs and infrequently with PTSD

Question 18

dissociative fuge

Answer 18

fugue is latin for flight

amnesia for autobiographical info and sudden purposeful travel away from home or other unfamiliar settings.

Question 19

types of amnesia

Answer 19

selective: can recall some, but not all events during a circumscribed period of time
systemized: loss of memory relating to particular category of information
localized: cant recall any events in circumscribed period of time
generalized: complete loss of memory for one’s life history
continuous: forgets each new event as it occurs