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Board Studying. > eating DO, epidimiology, non pharm treatments > Flashcards

eating DO, epidimiology, non pharm treatments Flashcards

1
Q

comorbid with anorexia. AND Prevelant in mothers of anorexia pts

A

OCD

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2
Q

hawthorne effect

A

observer effect

participants change behavior due to knowledge that they are being studied.

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3
Q

cluster analysis

A

breaks a large group into smaller groups (clusters) so that each individual cluster is more homogenous by some measure.

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4
Q

chronic ipecac use

A

ipecac is a rapidly acting emetic.

SEs of chronic use are: cardiomegaly, reduced EF, prolonged QT interval, arrhythmias, leukopenia, mitral insufficiency, tricuspid insufficiency, elevated liver enzymes.

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5
Q

halo effect

A

a researcher’s evaluation of a subject’s current performance is altered based on his or her opinion of the previous performance of the subject.

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6
Q

TMS may be good for this sx of schizophrenia

A

hallucinations

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7
Q

DSM5 anorexia

A

restricting calories
fear of gaining weight
disturbed by weight, self perception heavily influenced by weight, unable to recognize severity of low weight.

restricting type
binging eating/purging type

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8
Q

attributable risk

A

risk of exposed group minus non-exposed group (control grp)

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9
Q

ANOVA

A

compares means of multiple groups to determine if all are equal, thereby generalizing the two sample t-test to several groups.

will determine if there is a statistical difference between treatment arms.

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10
Q

student’s t test

A

compares the means of two independent sample populations

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11
Q

chi square test

A

used for frequency data

compares samples with non measurable nominal/categorical variables, as opposed to ordinal or interval measurements ie. zipcode

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12
Q

most effective tx for depression

A

ECT

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13
Q

sensitivity

A

liklihood of achieving a positive result when pt has disease of interest

true positives/ (true positives+ false negatives)

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14
Q

specificity

A

likelihood of a negative result when the patient does not have depression of the disease of interest.

true negative/ (true negatives + false positives)

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15
Q

criteria for admission with anorexia

A

<75% ideal body weight, refusal to eat, body fat < 10%, heart rate <50bpm daytime or <45bpm nighttime
systolic <80, orthostatic changes in pulse (increased >35 bmp), BP dec >10mmHg, hypothermia and arrythmia

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16
Q

FDA indication for vagus nerve stimulation

A

Refractory epilepsy
Treatment resistant depression in adults

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17
Q

cross sectional study

A

analyzes population at a single point in time to assess disease incidence and prevalence

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18
Q

ECT absolute contraindications

A

there are none

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19
Q

how to change ECT dose

A

vary time of exposure to fixed current

20
Q

meds that are contraindicated in ECT

A

theophylline- can cause prolonged seizures/status

use with caution:
hypoglycemics
b blockers- can cause asystole
lidocaine- can reduce seizure induction
lithium- can cause seizure and confusion

21
Q

case control

A

analyzes outocome and looks back in time to assess exposure

22
Q

only med approved for treatment of bulimia nervosa

A

prozac

23
Q

factor analysis

A

multiple observed variables have similar patterns of responses bc they are all associated with a laten variabel

investigate concepts that are not measured directly. ie cognition, socioeconomic status

by using interpretable underlying factors as surrogates for unmeasurable variables

24
Q

ECT produces this type of seizure

A

generalized tonic clonic

25
Q

treats constipation in anorexia

A

docusate- stool softener

avoid laxatives, osmotic agents

26
Q

ECT modality that reduces cognitive SEs but is less effective in sx reduction

A

unilateral nondominant
only travels through one hemisphere. only stimulates non dominant

27
Q

when ect was first used

A

1940s

28
Q

camphor

A

used for convulsive therapy since 1700s.
Used IM in 1930s to induce seizures to treat catatonia,

29
Q

how long pts with eating disorders should be observed.

A

2 hours.

30
Q

deep brain stimulation for OCD target this structure

A

anterior limb of internal capsule

ventral striatum
nucleus accumbens
caudate nucleus
subthalamic nucleus of BG and inferior thalamic peduncle

31
Q

TMS mechanics

A

electromagnetic coil creates strong magnetic field. place coil on scalp and run electricity through it.
can enter brain easily

once enters the neurons, converted into electrical currents acting similar to ECT

32
Q

what does p value of 0.05 mean?

A

there is a 5% chance of the experimental result occurring by chance alone, if the null hypothesis is true

33
Q

null hypothesis

A

no significant difference

34
Q

cohort study

A

follows group of people over period of time to determine risk of developing disease or outcome of interest.

no control group
but can be stratified based on exposure or risk factor of interest.

35
Q

most common SE of ECT

A

anterograde ECT. , headaches, generalized muscle soreness, jaw pain.

anterograde- inability to form new memories.

versus retrograde amnesia- loss of remote memories and can be permanent. rare SE

36
Q

common medical condition asociated with anorexia nervosa

A

Lanugo

bradycardia, pancytopenia, osteopenia, metabolic encephaly, arrhythmias, elevated LFTs, elevated BUN, dec T3, T4, parotid gland enlargement, seizures, peripheral neuropathy.

37
Q

crossover study

A

longitudinal study in which subjects receive different treatments over course of the study, typically sot hat all subjects eventually receive the same exposures.

can be randomized controlled trials or observational

38
Q

bulimia

A

presence of binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain such as self induced vomitting

misuse of laxatives or meds

fasting

excessive exersise

at least once weekly for 3 mo

39
Q

hospitalization for anorexia

A

weight > 25% below expected weight. or children rapidly losing weight regardless of weight.

40
Q

refeeding syndrome

A

complications from fluid and electrolyte shifts during nutritional rehab of a patient who is malnourished.QT prolongation

hypophosphatemia

TX: oral sodium phospate

41
Q

med for weight gain in anorexia

A

olanzapine

42
Q

lowest relapse rate for eneruresis

A

enuresis alarm

43
Q

greatest efficacy in treating enuresis

A

classical conditioning

44
Q

relapse rate after discontinuation of desmopressin

A

60-70%

45
Q

DDVAP

A

chemically similar to vasopressin

concentrates urine and provides regulation of BP. leads to renal water production, iatrogenic hyponatremia may result if intake is not appropriately restricted

46
Q

Maudsley model

A

family based therapy for treatment of anorexia up to 19yrs old .

47
Q

medical impact of anorxia

A

bradycardia
pancytopenia
lanugo
osteopenia
metabolic encephalopathy
arrhytmias
elevated LFTs
elevated BUN
dec T3 and T4
partoid gland enlargement
seizures
peripheral neuropahthy
ankylosing spondylitis
sjogren’s syndrome
ulcerative colitis
selective IgA deficiency

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