anxiety DOs Flashcards
subtypes of phobias
animal, natural environment, blood-injection injury, situation, and other
comorbidity of GAD and MDD
59%
time requirement for specific phobia
6 mo
meds that can cause anxiety
amphetamines appetite suppressants albuterol caffeine cocaine decongestants other stimulants
medical conditions that cause anxiety
adrenal tumors chronic ETOH use DO hypoglycemia hyperthyroidism cushing disease arrhythmias parathyroid disorders seizures
time required for buspar efficacy comparable to benzos
4 weeks
short acting benzos
alprazolam, midazolam, oxazepam, triazolam
medium to longer acting benzos
chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, flurazepam, lorazepam
agoraphobia
at least 2: public transporation, open spaces, enclosed spaces, a crowd or line, outside the home alone
FDA approved for social phobia
paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine LA
1 mg alprazolam = _ mg lorazepam
2mg
1 mg alprazolam=1mg clonazepam
=10mg diazepam
=50mg chlordiazepoxide
=30mg phenobarbital
social phobia risk factors
not exposed to social situations
having parents who are controlling/overprotective
being exposed to traumatic social situations
seeing others experience a traumatic social situation
***6 MONTHS
1st line treatment of anxiety DOs
SSRIs
GAD diagnosis
constant worry for 6 mo plus 3/6 somatic sx: restlessness fatigue poor concentration irriatbility muscle tension sleep disturbance
5% lifetime prevalence
brain effect of GAD
larger amygdala volume.
part of limbic system, plays role in anxiety, fear, anger, violence
lesion- kluver bucy syndrome: behavioral and emotional symptoms like hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperphagia
OCD tx
clomipramine or SSRIs
prevalence of panic DO and age of onset
2-3%
early adulthood
ocd is associated w/ this infection
Group a Strep
associated with PANDAS: pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections
can get ocs, tic, neuropsych symtoms following Group A beta hemolytic strep infections
is there an age requirement for separation anxiety do?
no
good for both social anxiety do and social phobia
phenelzine, MAOI
but SSRIs are still first line
time requriement for PTSD
> 1 mo
delayed onset: 6 mo
hypothesized physiology behind panic do
elevated catecholamines in CNS
lifetime prevalence of anxiety DOs
28.8%
hyperventilation
decreased CO2
respiratory alkalosis
hypocapnia
herbal supp with data showing efficacy in anxiety
Kava Kava
common herbal supp and treating DO
St johns wart- somatoform DOs
kava kava- anxiety
population that responds well to SSRIs for panic DO
later age of symptom onset
FDA approved for GAD
effexor
paxil
lexapro
cymbalta
Taijin Kyofusho
japan. fear that their apperance or behavior will be offensive to others.
good for anxiety and improves exercise tolerance and feelings of dyspnea
buspar
also called flooding
in vivo exposure
in vivo= enter
enter situation causing anxiety, sy
primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in CNC involved with anxiety
GABA
serotonin syndrome
confusion hyperthermia myoclonus tachycardia hyperreflexia
response prevention
refraining from compulsions, avoidance or escape behaviors
1mg alprazolam is equivalent to how many ativan?
1mg xanex=2mg ativan
washout time required
SSRIs: none
switching to MAOI from TCAs: 1 week
from MAOI to SSRI, TCA or atypical- 2 weeks
deep brain stimulation for OCD targets this part of the brain
Ventral striatum
FDA approved fro Tourettts
abilify
haldol
pimozide
off label for kleptomania
naltrexone - antagonist at mu and kappa opiod receptors
also for self harm
SSRIS for kepto as well
