Transport in Plants Flashcards
What is the Xylem made up of?
Vessel elements
Has : water proof walls lined with lignin, no end walls, pits with no lignin, no organelles, no cell content
What is the xylem function?
transport of water up the plant
How is Water moved?
The transpiration stream
What blocks the apoplast pathway?
Casparian strip
What is the phloem made of?
sieve tube elements and companion cells
What surrounds the xylem and what does it do?
Parenchyma which acts as a food store
In the stem is the phloem on inside or outside?
OUTSIDE
In the root is xylem inside or outside?
Inside
In the leaves is xylem on bottom or top?
Top
What is the phloem and xylem called?
Vascular bundles
What is phloem function?
Transport assimilates through translocation
What is the structure which acts a filter between sieve tube elements?
Sieve plate
What joins sieve tube elements to companion cell?
Plasmodesmata
What are the roles of water in a plant?
Hydrostatic Skeleton
Turgor help cell expansion
Cooling
Transport of minerals
How is root hair cell adapted for transport?
Very Small
Large SA
Thin surface layer
High concentration in cytoplasm so water move in
Which pathway moves through cytoplasm?
Symplast
Where does the apoplast way move through?
Through cell walls by cohesive forces
How does water move through symplast pathway?
The increases water potential in adjacent cells creates movement of water
Which blocks journey from root hair cell to xylem?
The endodermal cells which have a casperian strip made of suberin
How do the endodermal cells create movement into xylem?
Use AT to pump ions into xylem to have high water potential
This can be shown by applying cyanide to root tip which inhibit mitochondria and therefor AT as root pressure dissapear
Describe movement into leaves?
The water evaporate from cell wall to air spaces
Stomata open so water diffuse out down gradient with
Describe one specialisation of phloem?
Has many mitochondria in companion cells
Many plasmodesmata
What features of a xerophyte reduce loss of water vapour?
Thick waxy cuticle
Reduced SA available for water loss
Hairs of epidermis as create humidity which reduces water potential gradient as there is a high water potential
Sunken stomata
What is a xerophyte?
A plant adpated to live in dry conditions
