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Biology > The Kidneys > Flashcards

The Kidneys Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the structures in a nephron?

A

Bowmanns capsule, Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, Distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct

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2
Q

What is purpose is nephron?

A

help balance water and mineral ions

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3
Q

What is the glomerulus

A

A tangle of capillaries

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4
Q

What happens at proximal convoluted tubule?

A

Site of reabsorbtion

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5
Q

What are the three structures in kidney?

A
  1. Cortex
  2. Medulla
  3. Pelvis
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6
Q

What supplies the kidney with blood?

A

Renal artery

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7
Q

How is blood removed?

A

Renal veins

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8
Q

What are the levels of urea in renal veins compared to renal vein?

A

Lower levels

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9
Q

What is levels of glucose in renal veins compared to renal artery?

A

Similar levels of glucose

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10
Q

What makes up cortex

A

Dense capillary network

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11
Q

Where are tubules located?

A

In the medulla

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12
Q

What colours are the cortex compared to the medulla?

A

The cortex is darker

The medulla is lighter in colour

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13
Q

Which is on the outside of the kidney?

A

Cortex followed by medulla and then pelvis in middle

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14
Q

Where does ultrafiltration take place

A

Bowmanns capsule

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15
Q

What happens in bowmanns capsule

A

Removal of nitrogenous waste

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16
Q

How does bowmanns capsule work?

A

The glomerulus has an afferent end which is wide and efferent end which is thin.
The pressure this creates forces blood through wall and then basement membrane.
Podacytes act like filter and pedicles wrap around
Leaves filtrate

17
Q

What is function of podacytes?

A

Acts like a filter

18
Q

Where does the liquid and small molecules move from

A

Moves from glomerulus to bowmanns capsule

Pass through the capillary wall, basement membrane, epithelium of bowmanns capsule

19
Q

Whats the liquid and small molecules called when in bowmans capsule?

A

Filtrate

20
Q

What are the three stages of excretion?

A
  1. Ultrafiltration- removal of substances from blood to make filtrate
  2. Selective Reabsorption - useful substance reabsorbed from filtrate to blood
  3. Excretion - removal of unwanted substance in form of urine

Biology (13 decks)

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