The Kidneys Flashcards
What are the structures in a nephron?
Bowmanns capsule, Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, Distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
What is purpose is nephron?
help balance water and mineral ions
What is the glomerulus
A tangle of capillaries
What happens at proximal convoluted tubule?
Site of reabsorbtion
What are the three structures in kidney?
- Cortex
- Medulla
- Pelvis
What supplies the kidney with blood?
Renal artery
How is blood removed?
Renal veins
What are the levels of urea in renal veins compared to renal vein?
Lower levels
What is levels of glucose in renal veins compared to renal artery?
Similar levels of glucose
What makes up cortex
Dense capillary network
Where are tubules located?
In the medulla
What colours are the cortex compared to the medulla?
The cortex is darker
The medulla is lighter in colour
Which is on the outside of the kidney?
Cortex followed by medulla and then pelvis in middle
Where does ultrafiltration take place
Bowmanns capsule
What happens in bowmanns capsule
Removal of nitrogenous waste
How does bowmanns capsule work?
The glomerulus has an afferent end which is wide and efferent end which is thin.
The pressure this creates forces blood through wall and then basement membrane.
Podacytes act like filter and pedicles wrap around
Leaves filtrate
What is function of podacytes?
Acts like a filter
Where does the liquid and small molecules move from
Moves from glomerulus to bowmanns capsule
Pass through the capillary wall, basement membrane, epithelium of bowmanns capsule
Whats the liquid and small molecules called when in bowmans capsule?
Filtrate
What are the three stages of excretion?
- Ultrafiltration- removal of substances from blood to make filtrate
- Selective Reabsorption - useful substance reabsorbed from filtrate to blood
- Excretion - removal of unwanted substance in form of urine
