TRANSPORT IN HUMANS Flashcards
WHICH ARTERY CARRIES OXYGENATED BLOOD AROUND THE REST OF THE BODY FROM THE HEART
aorta
WHAT VIEN DOES THE OXYGENATED BLOOD COME THROUGH INTO THE HEART FROM THE LUNGS
pulmonary vein
WHICH ARTERY CARRIES DEOXYGENATED BLOOD TO THE LUNGS FROM THE HEART
pulmonary artery
WHAT VEIN DOES THE DEOXYGENATED BLOOD COME THROUGH INTO THE HEART FROM THE BODY
vena cava
ORDER THROUGH THE HEART
vena cava>right atium>right ventricle>pulmonary artery>pulmonary vein>left atrium>left ventricle>aorta
NAME 3 BLOOD VESSELS
- vein
- capillary
- artery
VEIN
- carries blood back to heart
- deoxygened blood
- valves stop blackflow
- thin muscles
- wide space inside
- low blood pressure
ARTERIES
- carries blood away from the heart
- oxygenated blood
- no valves
- thick muscles
- narrow space inside
- hight blood pressure (action from the heart)
CAPILLARY
- connect ateries and veins
- both carry de/oxygenated blood
- no valves
- very thin walls
- tiny vessles, close contact with cells
- low blood pressure
- slow speed allowing exchange of materials
RED BLOOD CELLS
- made in the bone marrow
- no nucleus
- live for 4 months
- contain haemoglobin
- large surface area -to absorb oxygen
- shape - BICONCAVE DISC
WHITE BLOOD CELL
-bone marrow and in lymphnodes
-have a nucleus
-have haemoglobin
-2 types
>phagocytes-engufs and destroys microbes
>lymphocytes-makes antibodies
PLATELETS
- NO NUCLEUS
- bone marrow
- help blot clot
- fragments of cells
JOBS OF THE PLASMA
-transports dissolved substances and heat energy around the body
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN BLOOD CLOTS
- the platelets release chemicals that reacts with other chemicals in the plasma
- sticky threads of fibrin are made
- sticky threads make a stick mesh blood cells
- platelets get trapped making a blood clots
WHAT FOODS CAN CAUSE CORONARY HEART DISEASE
-foods that contain lipids are butter, cheese and oil
WHAT IS CORONARY HEART DISEASE
- fats build up in arteries and hardens them
- this forms a blood clot and can be swepted away into the coronary artery
- this will reduce the amount of blood getting to the cardiac muscle (big muscle on the heart)
- causing a heart attack
BLOOD FROM HEART TO KIDNEY
renal artery
BLOOD FROM HEART TO LIVER
hepatic artery
VEIN THAT TAKES BLOOD FROM SMALL INTESTINE TO THE LIVER
Hepatic portal vein
WHAT CAN REDUCE THE THE RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
- exercise (strengthens the heart muscles)
- less fatty foods
LIFE STYLE OF SOMEONE WITH AN INCREASES RISK OF CHD
- high fat diet
- lack of exercise
- smoking
- stress
WHAT DOES NICOTINE DO TO THE HEART
increases the heart rate and blood pressure
WHAT DOES ADRENALINE DO, AND WHEN IS IT MADE?
- made in the kidney- adrenalin gland
- prepares the body for action
- made when someone is angry, scared or excited
HOW DOES ADRENALIN AFFECT PARTS OF THE BODY
- increase heart rate
- widens blood vessels going to the brain and muscles
- narrows blood vessels to digestive system organ
WHAT DOES THE PLASMA TRANSPORT
- carbondioxide
- digested food
- urea
- hormones
- heat energy