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A.Biology > REPRODUCTION > Flashcards

REPRODUCTION Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the female parts of the flower

A

Stigma, style, ovary, ovule

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2
Q

Name the male parts of the flower

A

Anther, filament

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3
Q

Name the gender natural parts of the flower

A

Petals, sepal, stalk

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4
Q

LABEL THE PARTS OF A FLOWER

A

LABEL THE PARTS OF A FLOWER

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5
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination PETALS

A

Insects
-brightly coloured
Wind
-dull colours

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6
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination SCENT

A

Insect
-Yes
Wind
-no

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7
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination NECTAR

A

Insects
-yes
Wind
-no

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8
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination STIGMA

A

Insect
-inside the flower
wind
-can be feathered- bigger surface area to catch pollen

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9
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination ANTHERS + FILAMENTS

A

Insect
-inside the flower
Wind
-outside the flower

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10
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination AMOUNT OF POLLEN

A

Insect
-less pollen
Wind
-more pollen

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11
Q

Difference between insects and wind pollination TYPE OF POLLEN GRAIN

A

insect
-sticky pollen
Wind
-light weight pollen

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12
Q

Definition of pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower

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13
Q

What do seeds develop from

A

The fertilised egg

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14
Q

What 3 things is the seed made up of

A
  • the embryo
  • the food store
  • a seed coat
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15
Q

Conditions for germination

A

Water
Oxygen
Warmth

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16
Q

WOW water

A
  • swells the seed

- food store and feeds the embryo

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17
Q

WOW oxygen

A

Needed for respiration

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18
Q

WOW warmth

A

Needed for proper growth

They won’t grow until spring/summer

19
Q

Sexual reproduction

FUSION, GAMETES, GAMETES, SEX CELLS, HALF

A

FUSION of male and female GAMETES. GAMETES are SEX CELLS. These contain HALF the genetic information of the normal cell.
-Humans

20
Q

Asexual reproduction

A
  • one parent
  • offspring are genetically identical
  • Aphias (insects) bacteria
21
Q

Asexual reproduction in plants

A

Naturally- runners

Artificially- taking cutting

22
Q

§FEMALE- ovary

A

Produces and releases the egg (female gamete)

23
Q

§FEMALE- oviduct

A

Where the egg is released during ovulation. Where fertilisation occurs here

24
Q

§FEMALE- uterus

A

Implantation of the embryo occurs here (were the egg sits after fertilisation)

25
Q

§FEMALE- cervix

A

The ‘neck’ of the uterus will dilate during birth

26
Q

§FEMALE- vagina

A

Sexual intercourse and birth

27
Q

*MALE- sperm duct

A

Tube connecting the testes to the urethra

28
Q

*MALE- bladder

A

Holds urine

29
Q

*MALE- testes

A

Produces and releases sperm (male gamete)

30
Q

*MALE- urethra

A

Tube along which urine and semen (containing sperm) will travel

31
Q

*MALE- penis

A

Sexual intercourse

32
Q

LABEL THE FEMALE AND MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS

A

LABEL THE FEMALE AND MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS

33
Q

Menstrual cycle- 4 key points

A
  • menstruation means period
  • starts in puberty
  • typically a 28 day cycle but can vary
  • controlled by oestrogen and progesterone
34
Q

How long is the menstrual cycle

A

28 days

35
Q

On what day is ovulation

A

Day 14

36
Q

How long on average does a period last for

A

3-7 days

37
Q

What does the Oestrogen do

A
  • It thickens the uterus lining

- stimulates the ovulation at day 14

38
Q

What happens the progesterone levels

A
  • They are high after ovulation

- maintains the lining of the uterus

39
Q

What happens when the progesterone levels fall

A

The lining breaking down

40
Q

What happens during menstruation

A

Levels of both hormones are low

41
Q

What does the placenta do during pregnancy

A

-exchange of materials between the blood of mother and embryo

42
Q

Secondary sexual characteristics MALE

A
  • facial hair
  • voice breaks
  • sperm production
  • increase sex drive
  • increased muscle growth
43
Q

Secondary sexual characteristics FEMALE

A
  • menstruation (period)
  • pubic hair
  • development of breasts
  • widening of hips
  • change in distribution of fat

A.Biology (11 decks)

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