FOOD AND DIGESTION

Question 1

CARBS

Answer 1

• pasta, bread

- energy

Question 2

PROTEIN

Answer 2

• meat, egg

- growth and repair

Question 3

LIPID

Answer 3

• oil,butter,cheese

- store of energy for emergencies

Question 4

VITAMIN A

Answer 4

• liver, carrots

- vision, hair and skin heath

Question 5

VITAMIN B

Answer 5

• brown rice, yeast extract

- chemical reactions in the bod e.g respiration

Question 6

VITAMIN C

Answer 6

• orange,lemons

- scurvy

Question 7

VITAMIN D

Answer 7

• egg, butter, cheese

- needed for calcium absorbtion

Question 8

CALCIUM

MINERAL

Answer 8

• milk,cheese

- strong bones and teeth

Question 9

IRON

MINERAL

Answer 9

• red meats, lentils

- haemoglobin (health blood)

Question 10

WATER

Answer 10

• food,drink

- every bod function-lost through breathing+sweating

Question 11

DIETARY FIBRE

Answer 11

• wholemeal bread

- helps push food through gut

Question 12

WHY WOULD A PREGANT WOMAN NEED MORE ENERGY THAN A MAN

Answer 12

they need to provide energy for two people

Question 13

MOUTH

Answer 13

• broken in to small peices by teeth

- mixed with saliva (contains amylase to break down starch.

Question 14

OESOPHAGUS

Answer 14

• takes food to the stomach

- muscle contraction called peristalsis

Question 15

STOMACH

Answer 15

• digest protein using protease
• stomach enzymes need hydrochloric acid.
• acid kills bacteria
• thick muscular walls churning food + mixing with enzymes

Question 16

SMALL INTESTINE

Answer 16

1. DUODENUM
   - enzymes from the pancreas mix with the food.
   - to digest starch, protein and lipids the enzymes are = lipase, protease and amylase
2. ILEUM
   - the wall makes enzymes such as maltasd, protease and lipase
   - small molcules are absorbed through the wall of the ileum into the blood

Question 17

LARGE INTESTINE

Answer 17

1. COLON
   - absorbs water from undigested food to make faeces
2. RECTUM
   - end of colon
   - compacted
   - push out of anus by egestion

Question 18

PANCREAS

Answer 18

• produces amylase, lipase and protease enzymes

- these are then released into the small intestine

Question 19

PERISTALSIS

Answer 19

Is the movement of the food along the digestive system by muscular contraction

Question 20

DIGESTION OF STARCH

Answer 20

STARCH—>MALTOSE by AMYLASE

Question 21

DIGESTION OF MALTOSE

Answer 21

MALTOSE—>GLUCOSE by MALTASE

Question 22

DIGESTION OF PROTEINS

Answer 22

PROTIEN—>AMINO ACIDS by PROTEASES

Question 23

DIGESTION OF LIPIDS

Answer 23

LIPIDS—>FATTU ACIDS + GLYCEROL by LIPASES

Question 24

BILE- MADE

Answer 24

in the liver

Question 25

BILE-STORED

Answer 25

in the gall bladder

Question 26

BILE-HELPS

Answer 26

helps digest lipids (fats)

Question 27

BILE-MOVES

Answer 27

• first through BILE DUCT

- then into the duodenum

Question 28

BILE-NEUTRALISES

Answer 28

bile = ALKALINE

so it neutralises the stomach acid

Question 29

VILLUS-PLURAL

Answer 29

villi

Question 30

VILLUS-THE WALL IS…

Answer 30

one cell thick

Question 31

VILLUS-THE LACTEAL (MIDDLE BIT)

Answer 31

absorbs fatty acids

Question 32

VILLUS-BLOOD CAPILLARIES (going across lacteal- looks like waves)

Answer 32

absorbs

• glucose
• ammino acids
• minerals
• vitamins
• water

Question 33

VILLUS-MICROVILLI

Answer 33

• each cell has one

- to increase suface area for absorbtion