Transport in cells Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is a solute?
Something that dissolves (eg. Salt/Sugar)
What is a solvent?
What the solute dissolves in. (eg. water)
How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?
The higher it is, the faster the rate of diffusion. This is because the particles have more energy, so they move around faster.
How does surface area affect the rate of diffusion?
The larger the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion. This is because more particles can pass through.
How does concentration gradient affect rate of diffusion?
The bigger the difference in concentration of particles, the bigger the conc gradient, and the faster the rate of diffusion. This is because the movement from one side to another is greater.
What is Osmosis?
The movement of water from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.
Define active transport.
The movement of molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration using energy/protein carriers.
Describe HYPOTONIC solution.
The solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell. The water concentration of the solution is higher than the cell. Water moves from the solution to the cell.
Describe ISOTONIC solution.
The solution has an equal solute concentration as the cell. The water concentration of the solution is equal to the cell. There is no net movement of water.
Describe HYPERTONIC solution.
The solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell. The water conc of the solution is lower than the cell. Water moves from the cell to the solution.
