Transport in Animals Flashcards
The effect of physical activity on the pulse rate
The pulse rate increases
The heart needs to pump faster to supply more oxygen and more glucose to the active muscles for more respiration and more energy is released
More carbon dioxide is produced which needs to be removed.
Likely causes of heart attack
Diet
Smoking
Stress
Age
Gender
Functions of Red-Blood cells
Transport oxygen
Functions of White-Blood cells
Protect the body from infection
Functions of platelets
Aid in the blood clotting process
Functions of plasma
Carry dissolved substances
Role of blood clotting
Prevents excessive blood loss and pathogens from entering
Process of blood clotting
Blood vessel is damages
Blood flows out
Vit K and Calcium activate platelets which release and enzyme
Soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrinogen
RBC become trapped in mesh of fibers and dry out
Causes a scab to form
What is Coronary Heart Disease?
CHD is a condition where the blood vessels that supply the heart become narrowed or blocked
Due to plaque build-up
Treatment for CHD
Aspirin
Angioplasty
Stent
Heart-bypass surgery
What is the fluid that circulates through the system
Lymph
What is the channels that carry lymph throughout the body
Lymph vessels
What filters lymph and trap pathogens
Lymph nodes
What filters the blood and helps fight infections
Spleen
Where to T-cells mature
Thymus
What protects the body against pathogens entering the mouth and throat
Tonsils
Function of the lymphatic system
Collecting excess fluid from your body’s tissues and returning it to your bloodstream.
Major site of lymphocyte production
Absorb and transports fats, fatty acids and glycerol from the ileum.
The transfer of nutrients between capillaries and tissue fluid
The capillary wall allows oxygen to diffuse into the tissue fluid and cells.
Carbon dioxide diffuses from either the cells into the tissue fluid, then into the blood plasma via the capillary walls.
Glucose travels from the blood plasma to the tissue fluid, then to the cells, via capillary walls.
What is edema?
Edema is a build-up of fluid in the body which causes the affected tissue to become swollen.
Transport blood away from the heart
Artery
Transport blood to the heart
Veins
Exchange of substances
Capillaries
