Organisation And Levels Of Organisation

Question 1

Types of cells

Answer 1

Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic

Question 2

Eukaryotic features

Answer 2

True nucleus
Organells surrounded by membrane
Larger than Prokaryotic cells

Question 3

Prokaryotic features

Answer 3

No true nucleus, DNA strand
No organells
Smaller than Eukaryotic cells

Question 4

Name the 5 Kingdoms

Answer 4

Prokaryotae
Protoctista
Fungi
Animalea
Plantae

Question 5

Features of Prokaryotae or Bacteria

Answer 5

Unicellular
No nucleus
Asexual
Heterotrophic or Autotrophic

Question 6

Features of Protoctista

Answer 6

Unicellular or Multicellular
Nucleus
Heterotrophic or Autotrophic

Question 7

Features of Fungi

Answer 7

Multicellular except yeast
Nucleus
Chitin cell wall
Reproduce through spores

Question 8

Features of Animalae

Answer 8

Multicellular
Nucleus
No cell wall
Heterotrophic

Question 9

Features of Plantae

Answer 9

Multicellular
Nucleus
Photosynthesis (Autotrophic)
Asexually
Cellulose cell wall

Question 10

Levels of organisation

Answer 10

Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organisms

Question 11

Function of a ciliated cell in the trachea and fallopian tubes

Answer 11

Trachea- beat or flick mucus out of the respiratory system
Fallopian tubes- moves flick egg to the uterus

Question 12

Specialisation of the red blood cell

Answer 12

small and flexible- can fit through narrow vessels

bi-concave shape- maximises their surface area to absorb oxygen

thin membrane- so gases easily diffuse through

contain haemoglobin- binds to oxygen.

Question 13

Specialisation of a root hair cell

Answer 13

Finger like projection or extension
To extend surface area for maximum absorption of water and mineral salts

Question 14

Specialisation of the Xylem

Answer 14

Made of ligin or dead hollow cells
For fast transportation of water and mineral salts

Question 15

3 major tenets of cell theory

Answer 15

1. Cells are the basic structural unit in living organisms
2. All livings organisms are made up of at least one cell
3. All cells develop from pre-existing cells

Question 16

Function of Chloroplast

Answer 16

Site of photosynthesis
Contains chlorophyll

Question 17

Function of chlorophyll

Answer 17

Green pigment in plants
Absorb sunlight

Question 18

Function of mitochondria

Answer 18

Site of ATP synthesis
ATP is released to provide energy for the cells reactions

Question 19

Function of cytoplasm

Answer 19

Jelly like fluid that stores or holds the organells of the cell
Providee physical structure to the cell

Question 20

Function of vacuole

Answer 20

Stores salts, ions, sugars, cell sap
Keeps cell turgid
Controls the water content of the cell

Question 21

Function of the cell membrane

Answer 21

Selectively permeable
Controls the movement of substances in and out the cell

Question 22

Function of cell wall

Answer 22

Provides mechanical structure
Resists tugor pressure
Made up of cellulose

Question 23

Function of the nucleus

Answer 23

Controls all the activities of the cell
Store genetic material

Question 24

Function of Rough ER

Answer 24

Transport mRNA from the nucleus to the ribosomes
Transport proteins

Question 25

Function of Ribosomes

Answer 25

Site for protein synthesis
Makes proteins

Question 26

Function of Golgi bodies

Answer 26

Produces secretory vesicles

Question 27

Function of secretory vesicles

Answer 27

Store, transport, and digest cellular products and waste

Question 28

What are Lysosomes

Answer 28

Digestive enzymes that breaks down all types of biological polymers