transport in and out of the cell Flashcards
what are the 3 methods of transport into the cell
simple diffusion, facilitated transport and vesicular transport
simple diffusion
the spreading out of particles from high concentration to low concentration until they are evenly distributed across the space available
what happens if there is a higher concentration rate
faster rate of diffusion
the particles want to get away from eachother cause there are so many
what happens to the rate of diffusion if the particles are smaller
faster rate of diffusion
osmosis
the movement of water molecules across a semi permeable membrane from a high concentration to low concentration
semi-permable membrane can also be called …
differentially permeable
selectively permeable
osmosis: how does it work
water molecules will cross a semi permeable membrane to have an equal dilution on either side
facilitated transport
water soluable molecules must pass through proteins
molecules that can pass straight through the membrane are
fat soluable
channel proteins
provide a way for hydrophilic elements to trael across the membrane without coming into contact with the hydrophobic tails
size of particles that travel through the channel protein?
cannot fit large molecules
carrier protein
binds molecules and transports them across the membrane.
carrier protein
how molecules get in and characteristics
only one side opens at a time to allow 1 specific molecule to bind in the binding site then it opens the other side to continue to the cell
once all the carriers are occupied the rate of movement will not increase if more molecules are added
facilitated diffusion
explain and P or A
when molecules pass through a protein flowing with the concentration gradient
passive process
active transport
explain and P or A
when molecules pass through a protein against the concentration gradient using energy
active process
vesicular transport
the movement of substances across the membrane in membrane bound sacs (vesicles)
endocytosis
taking materials into the cell by vesicular transport
phagocytosis
taking solids into the cell by completely surrounding the particle and pinching off
pinocytosis
taking fluids into the cell by surrounding the droplet until it pinches off
exocytosis
when contents of a vesicle are passed to the outside of the cell
isotonic
there is an even concentration of water on either side of the permeable membrane.
hypertonic
there is a low concentration of water on the outside of the membrane.
hyper in solute concentration
hypotonic
there is a high concentration of water on the outside of the membrane.
hypo in the solute concentration
