blood in detail Flashcards
function of the blood; O + nutrients
transports oxygen and nutrients to all cells
function of the blood; CO2 and wastes
carries carbon dioxide and wastes away from the cell
function of the blood; hormones
transports hormones to your cells
function of the blood; heat
distributes heat and maintains body temperature
function of the blood; H2O and ions
maintains water content and ion concentration of the body fluids
function of the blood; protection
protects against disease causing micro-organisms
function of the blood; clotting
clots vessels when damages to prevent blood loss
function of the blood; pH
maintains pH of body fluids
structure of the blood
plasma: 55%
platelets & white blood cells: 4%
red blood cells: 41%
plasma
> mixture of water with dissolved substances
transports components of blood like cells, nutrients, proteins and hormones
white blood cells are also called
leucocytes
red blood cells are also called
erythrocytes
leucocytes
> protect the body from infection
bigger than red blood cells
different types with different functions
erythrocytes
> biconcaved shape (no nucleus)
can twist to fit through capillaries
live for 3 months
transports oxygen frm lungs to cells
2 ways of transporting oxygen
plasma - 3%
hemoglobin - 97%
what is haemoglobin
something in a red blood cell that the oxygen can attach to to become an oxyhaemoglobin
why is oxygenated blood bright red
because it has oxyhaemoglobin and that is bright red in colour
why is deoxygenated blood dark red/purplish
because it contains haemoglobin which is dark red in colour
3 ways CO2 is transported
plasma - 7%
carbaminohemoglobin - 22%
bicarbonate ions - 70%
inorganic nutrients
ions eg. K, Ca, Cl, I
organic nutrients
vitamins, glucose, amino acids
what are metabolic wastes
substances in the cell that cannot be used and would be harmful if allowed to accumulate
eg of metabolic wastes
CO2, urea, creatine, uric acid
