transport and diffusion of O2 Flashcards
what is the standard unit of pressure and what is it measured in?
Pascal Pa
Kilopascal Kpa
why are pressures important?
Pressures help explain how O2 and CO2 diffuse in lungs
what pressure do gases diffuse across a membrane from?
High to low pressure
What happens when air is drawn into the lungs?
Oxygen flows into blood and delivered to cells
What does a circulatory system used to transfer oxygen?
98% haemoglobin and one percent dissolved plasma
What is hemoglobin?
haemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that bonds with oxygen and transports it around body
where does carbon dioxide flow when it’s removed from cells?
Carbon dioxide will flow into the blood
carbon dioxide is exhaled. Where will it flow?
It will flow into the alveoli
why does CO2 accumulate in cells?
Due to cellular respiration and diffuse into blood
What is CO2 dissolved in?
-CO2 is dissolved in plasma
-Attaches to haemoglobin
-Reacts with water and plasma to form carbonic acid
CO2 reforms at lungs to cross alveolus
What is hypoxia?
altitude sickness
Oxygen gas is present in the same proportion as low altitude
Less oxygen available for breathing
in Hypoxia what are responses to meet oxygen needs?
increased breathing rate
Increase production of red blood cells using erythropoietin made from kidneys
in hypoxia, what are genetic adaptations of high altitude populations?
more alveoli
more lung Capillaries
in concentration of carbon dioxide, what does physical exertion result to?
Results to increased cellular respiration which produces CO2 and lowers pH of blood
what happens to excess CO2 present in blood after gas exchange
extra CO2 in blood is carried to the medulla oblongata
