resiratory diseases and condition Flashcards

1
Q

what are respiratory disease and conditions caused by?

A

bacterial or viral infections, genetic mutations, environmental factor

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2
Q

what does the upper respiratory tracks diseases involve?

A

nasal cavities
pharynx,
or larynx

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3
Q

what is tonsillitis and symptoms

A

Tonsillitis is a bacterial or viral infection of tonsils

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4
Q

where are the tonsils located and what do they look like?

A

they are two oval-shaped organs located in the pharynx

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5
Q

what do the tonsils protect us from

A

They prevent bacteria and other harmful substances from entering the respiratory system

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6
Q

what is it called when u remove ur tonsils

A

tonsillectomy

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7
Q

what is Laryngitis and its cause

A

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx
- Caused by an infection, allergy, overstraining voice

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8
Q

What is laryngitis symptoms and how does it go away

A

symptoms:hoarseness or losing the voice because vocal cords wont vibrate

Usually clears up on its own
Persistent hoarseness is a sign of cancer

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9
Q

what is Pneumonia

A

a disease that causes inflammation and fluid build up in lungs

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10
Q

what is pneumonia caused by
and symptoms

A

caused by a viral infection or a bacterial infection

Normal gas exchange is disrupted and
body is deprived of oxygen

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11
Q

what are the two types of pneumonia

A

lobular pneumonia
Bronchial pneumonia

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12
Q

what is Lobular pneumonia

A

Lobular pneumonia
- Only one lobe of the lungs is infected
- Usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria

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13
Q

what is Bronchial pneumonia

A

both lungs have infections around the bronchi or bronchioles

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14
Q

when does Bronchitis occur

A

Bronchitis occurs when the bronchi becomes inflamed and filled with mucus

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15
Q

what is acute bronchitis caused by and how is it treated

A
  • caused by bacterial infection
  • treated with antibiotics
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16
Q

what is Chronic bronchitis caused by

A

Long-term disorder caused by the destruction of cilia in bronchi due to exposure of dust, chemical compounds or cigarette smoke

17
Q

what does a lack of cilla in bronchi do?

A

Lack of cilia means bronchi become inflamed and vulnerable to infection

18
Q

can chronic bronchitis be cured

19
Q

is there a cure asthma? when is it developed

A

There is no cure for asthma
• Often starts in childhood

20
Q

what do hand held inhalers do for asthma

A

-they deliver medication into the lungs
-relax the bronchiole muscles
-reduce inflammation

21
Q

what is Emphysema

A

a chronic respiratory disease that
affects lungs to expel air

22
Q

in emphysema what reduces respiratory surface for gas exchange causing lack of oxygen in tissues

A

LOSS OF ELASTICITY

23
Q

whai is the cure for emphysema

A

Most common cause is smoking
• There is no cure but lifestyle changes can help
• Using an inhaler

24
Q

what is Cystic Fibrosis

A

a genetic disease that causes thick build-up of mucus in lungs, causing infection, inflammation,

25
what does generic mutation mean
the protein responsible for regulating cellular balance of water and salt is not made and cells produce extra thick sticky mucus
26
where are we More likely to get lung infections from
from bacteria due to more mucus production
27
is there a cure for cystic fibrosis
There is no cure but gene therapy is being explored
28
how is long cancer caused
uncontrolled cell growth and division in lungs making a tumour (carcinoma
29
what happens as the As the carcinoma grows
it reduces respiratory surface in the lungs
30
what happens if the If the tumour cells metastasize (break away from the tumour and travel to other parts of the body)
the cancer will spread to other body parts
31
how do you remove lung cancer
Removal of a lung called pneumonectomy can remove the cancer.
32
What can strep throat lead to?
Systemic body infection