resiratory diseases and condition Flashcards
what are respiratory disease and conditions caused by?
bacterial or viral infections, genetic mutations, environmental factor
what does the upper respiratory tracks diseases involve?
nasal cavities
pharynx,
or larynx
what is tonsillitis and symptoms
Tonsillitis is a bacterial or viral infection of tonsils
where are the tonsils located and what do they look like?
they are two oval-shaped organs located in the pharynx
what do the tonsils protect us from
They prevent bacteria and other harmful substances from entering the respiratory system
what is it called when u remove ur tonsils
tonsillectomy
what is Laryngitis and its cause
Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx
- Caused by an infection, allergy, overstraining voice
What is laryngitis symptoms and how does it go away
symptoms:hoarseness or losing the voice because vocal cords wont vibrate
Usually clears up on its own
Persistent hoarseness is a sign of cancer
what is Pneumonia
a disease that causes inflammation and fluid build up in lungs
what is pneumonia caused by
and symptoms
caused by a viral infection or a bacterial infection
Normal gas exchange is disrupted and
body is deprived of oxygen
what are the two types of pneumonia
lobular pneumonia
Bronchial pneumonia
what is Lobular pneumonia
Lobular pneumonia
- Only one lobe of the lungs is infected
- Usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria
what is Bronchial pneumonia
both lungs have infections around the bronchi or bronchioles
when does Bronchitis occur
Bronchitis occurs when the bronchi becomes inflamed and filled with mucus
what is acute bronchitis caused by and how is it treated
- caused by bacterial infection
- treated with antibiotics
what is Chronic bronchitis caused by
Long-term disorder caused by the destruction of cilia in bronchi due to exposure of dust, chemical compounds or cigarette smoke
what does a lack of cilla in bronchi do?
Lack of cilia means bronchi become inflamed and vulnerable to infection
can chronic bronchitis be cured
no
is there a cure asthma? when is it developed
There is no cure for asthma
• Often starts in childhood
what do hand held inhalers do for asthma
-they deliver medication into the lungs
-relax the bronchiole muscles
-reduce inflammation
what is Emphysema
a chronic respiratory disease that
affects lungs to expel air
in emphysema what reduces respiratory surface for gas exchange causing lack of oxygen in tissues
LOSS OF ELASTICITY
whai is the cure for emphysema
Most common cause is smoking
• There is no cure but lifestyle changes can help
• Using an inhaler
what is Cystic Fibrosis
a genetic disease that causes thick build-up of mucus in lungs, causing infection, inflammation,
what does generic mutation mean
the protein responsible for regulating cellular balance of water and salt is not made and cells produce extra thick sticky mucus
where are we More likely to get lung infections from
from bacteria due to more mucus production
is there a cure for cystic fibrosis
There is no cure but gene therapy is being explored
how is long cancer caused
uncontrolled cell growth and division in lungs making a tumour (carcinoma
what happens as the As the carcinoma grows
it reduces respiratory surface in the lungs
what happens if the If the tumour cells metastasize (break away from the tumour and travel to other parts of the body)
the cancer will spread to other body parts
how do you remove lung cancer
Removal of a lung called
pneumonectomy can remove the cancer.
What can strep throat lead to?
Systemic body infection
