the heart and blood vessels

Question 1

what is the septum

Answer 1

a muscle wall that separates left and right atriums and ventricles

Question 2

where is the atria located and what does it do

Answer 2

located at the top of heart
receives blood and pumps it into ventricles

Question 3

what type of blood does the right atrium receive

Answer 3

receives deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 4

what type of blood does the left atrium receive

Answer 4

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 5

whee is the ventricle located

Answer 5

bottom on the heart

Question 6

what does the right ventricle do

Answer 6

pumps blood to pulmonary circuit (lungs)

Question 7

what does the left ventricle do

Answer 7

pumps blood to the systemic circuit (rest of body)

Question 8

why is the heart surrounded by

Answer 8

pericardium which is a fluid filled membrane that protects heart from friction

Question 9

how much oxygen does the heart need that’s in blood

Answer 9

%10

Question 10

the heart has its own what’s supply of vessels what is it called and what do they do?

Answer 10

Coronary blood vessels
They provide heart muscle cells with oxygen and nutrients and remove waste

Question 11

why are the walls of ventricles much thicker than than the atria?

Answer 11

Ventricles have to pump blood over greater distances

Question 12

At rest and maximum output how much can the heart pump?

Answer 12

at rest 5 L per minute
At maximum output, 25 L a minute

Question 13

What are the steps in circulation?

Answer 13

1) deoxygenated blood enters right atrium through inferior and superior vena cava

2) right atrium contracts, blood goes to right ventricle

3)right ventricle contracts blood goes through pulonmary arteries to lung and picks up oxygen and realeases CO2

4)oxygenated blood from lungs enter left atrium from pulmonary veins

5)left atrium contract blood goes to left ventricle

6)left ventricle contracts blood goes to aorta

7)Aorta branches into major arteries that send blood to body

8) bloody go from arteries to capillary networks to veins to inferior and superior vena cava

Question 14

Where is the semilunar valves located and what do they do

Answer 14

located between left ventricle and aorta and right ventricle and pulmonary artery

prevents back flow of blood when ventricles relax

Question 15

where are the AV valve located and what do they do

Answer 15

located between atria and ventricles
prevents blood from going back into atria when ventricles contract

Question 16

What is the Chordae tendinee

Answer 16

tendons that support AV valves

Question 17

what three types of blood vessels does the circulatory system have

Answer 17

arteries
veins
capillaries

Question 18

which way do arteries and arterioles take blood to heart
what type of blood do they carry

Answer 18

-take blood away from heart
-carry’s mostly oxygenated blood except )pulmonary artery)

Question 19

What does the artery wall consist of

Answer 19

smooth muscle that constrict to regulate blood flow and pressure

Question 20

what does the venules do

Answer 20

drain blood from capillaries, then join to form veins that take blood to heart

Question 21

do veins have more or less smooth muscle and connective tissues and arteries?

Answer 21

Less

Question 22

What’s an example of a one way valve that veins contain?

Answer 22

Venus valves that prevent backward flow of blood when closed

Question 23

what does contraction of skeletal muscle do?

Answer 23

Squeezes veins pushing blood towards heart

Question 24

why are capillary walls only one cell thick?

Answer 24

To allow fast exchange of materials and its diameter is about the same size as one red blood cell

Question 25

are all capillary beds open at the same time

Answer 25

No

Question 26

what do precapillary sphincter muscles do?

Answer 26

Open and close capillaries