need for circulatory system

Question 1

What are the roles of the circulatory system

Answer 1

-Delivers nutrients and oxygen to cells
-Removes waste products
-Pathway for immune system
-Controls body temperature (in animals)

Question 2

what are the Fundamental features of circulatory systems

Answer 2

-blood that transports materials throughout the body

-blood vessels where fluid circulates

-a heart that pushes fluid through tubes

Question 3

where is the open circulatory system found and what is it?

Answer 3

-Found in invertebrates
-A transport system where blood doesn’t stay in blood vessels
-usually a single vessel

Question 4

what is the closed circulatory system

Answer 4

-blood is contained in blood vessels
-Blood is transported in one direction throughout body in blood vessels
Examples: earthworms, birds, humans

Question 5

what are the 3 types of circulation

Answer 5

complete single circulation

incomplete double circulation

complete double circulation

Question 6

What is complete single circulation and example

Answer 6

-Two chambered heart
-Complete because oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix

blood moves through heart only 1 time
Example: Fish

Question 7

what is Incomplete, double circulation

Answer 7

-Three chambered heart

-Double because the blood is carried through the heart twice

-Incomplete because oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix in ventricle of heart

 Example: Frog

Question 8

what is Complete, double circulation

Answer 8

-Four chambered heart
-Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood stays separated in blood vessels and heart
Example: Mammals

Question 9

how many circuit circulatory systems do mammals have

Answer 9

-2 circuit circulatory system
Pulmonary circuit
Systemic circuit

Question 10

What is Pulmonary circuit in mammals

Answer 10

circulates blood to lungs for gas exchange

Question 11

what is Systemic circuit in mammals

Answer 11

circulates blood around body to deliver oxygen to body cells

Question 12

what are the two components of blood

Answer 12

plasma
cellular component

Question 13

what are the functions of the blood?

Answer 13

TRANSPORTATION
Nutrients and O2 diffuse from the blood into tissues then into cells
-CO2 and metabolic wastes move in reverse direction
-protect from disease
-temperature regulation

Question 14

how does a circulatory system regulate temperature?

Answer 14

by changing volume of blood flowing near skin

Question 15

what is it called when blood vessels expand to release heat and contract to conserve heat?

Answer 15

Expand to release heat
= vasodilation

Contract to conserve heat= vasoconstriction

Question 16

What is plasma made up of

Answer 16

90% water

-dissovled substances: glucose, oxygen, vitamins, minerals
-dissovled ions like Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl
PROTIENS: albumins, globulins, fibrinogens

Question 17

what does the protein Albumins do

Answer 17

determinesamount of water that leaves and enters cell by diffusion

Question 18

what does Globulins proteins do

Answer 18

transport lipids, cholesterol and fat soluble vitamins

Question 19

What does the protein Fibrinogen do

Answer 19

Fibrinogen: blood clotting

Question 20

What are white blood cells called?
what do they fight?
when do they increase?
where are they formed?
do they have a nucleus?

Answer 20

Called leukocytes
fight pathogens
 Increase when sick
 Formed in bone marrow
 Have a nucleus

Question 21

what are red blood cells called

Answer 21

erythrocytes

Question 22

what oxygen carrying protein does red blood cells contain ?

Answer 22

hemoglobin

Question 23

what does biconcave shape of hemoglobin protein do

Answer 23

Increase surface area for gas exchange

Question 24

what are platelets made in and function and what do they stick to?

Answer 24

Made in bone marrow
Function : blood clotting
Stick to fibres on blood vessel

Question 25

what does fibrinogen do?

Answer 25

-fibrinogen in blood it is turned into fibrin
-forms of mesh trap that traps platelets

Question 26

how do you count blood cells

Answer 26

A machine called hemocytometer

Question 27

what is anemia?

Answer 27

-condition where there’s low erythrocyte count
-less O2 in cells

Question 28

what does erythropoietin do

Answer 28

Stimulates production of red blood cells