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transport Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

steps of immune response in bacterial infection

A
  1. macrophages digest
  2. helper t cells activated
  3. b cells activation (make antibodies- humoral response) or killer t cells(mediated - release proferin to kill and make holes)
  4. clonal formation
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2
Q

formula for cardiac output

A

heart rate (pulse) x stroke volume

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3
Q

role of thymus

A

responsible for maturation and differentiation of t cells in cell mediated immune response

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4
Q

releasing hormones directly effect

A

the anterior pituary gland

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5
Q

what is the total time during 1 cardiac cycle that the AV valves and the semi lunar valves are both closed

A

0.07 s

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6
Q

Cardiac cycle completes in:

A

0.8 sec
72 beats per minute

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7
Q

Pulse is defined as:

A

An alternate expansion and recoil of an artery

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8
Q

Lymph mixes with the blood in _________?

A

left subclavian vein

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9
Q

__________ is/are large lymphatic ducts?

A

Right lymphatic duct, Thoracic duct

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10
Q

Diameter of arteriole is ________?

A

3mm – 10µm.
only have 2 layers

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11
Q

Lub sound is produced during __________?

A
  • Lub → Closing of AV valve
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12
Q

Human ventricle is equipped with an outlet valve known as:

A

semi lunar valve

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13
Q

Heart is of ______origin?

A

mesodermal

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14
Q

The right atrium open into the right ventricle by an opening known as:

A

triscupid valve

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15
Q

Pre-capillary sphincter is found at the region where:

A

Arterioles divide into capillaries

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16
Q

_______ carry lymph back from the leg?

A

Lumber trunk

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17
Q

_________ Artery supplies the oxygenated blood to the intestines?

A

Mesenteric artery

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18
Q

Diameter of venules is _________?

A

8-100 μm

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19
Q

Lymph vessels in whole body is 1st discovered by?

A

Bartholin

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20
Q

Edema mostly occur due to the damage of:

A

pre capillary sphincter is damaged or when it cannot contract.

21
Q

Which one of the following plays the main role in the vaso-constriction?

A

Tunica media

22
Q

The mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs in the heart of:

A

Amphibian
Reptiles

23
Q

The only vein in the body which divides into capillaries is:

A

hepatic portal vein

24
Q

The artery which carry blood towards the brain is called ________ artery?

A

Carotid

25
Q

In embryonic stage which circuit is functional?

A

Systemic

26
Q

Which one is open circulatory system?

A

Lymphatic system

27
Q

Enlargement infection of lymph node is called:

A

Hodgkin’s disease is an enlargement of the lymph node in the neck.

28
Q

Vessel of the vessels is known as:

A

vasa vasorum found in tunica externa.

29
Q

Swelling of tissue due to accumulation of fluid is:

A

Edema

30
Q

Total length of human blood vessels is approximately:

A

It has been estimated that an adult human being has some 60,000 miles of capillaries with a total surface area of some 800-1000m2 (an area greater than three tennis courts).

31
Q

The function of papillary muscles is to:

A

Prevent the backward flow of blood from the ventricle

32
Q

Incomplete double circulation is found in:

A

In amphibians and reptiles, incomplete double circulation is present. Oxygenated blood is received by the left atrium and deoxygenated blood is received by the right atrium. But, both the bloods get mixed up in the single ventricle which pumps out the mixed blood.

33
Q

diameter of capillary

A

8 microns

34
Q

study of diseases of cardiovascular system

A

angiology

35
Q

length of jejunum

A

2.4 m
2/5 of small intestine

36
Q

largest secretory gland in body

A

thyroid

37
Q

function of spleen in filtering?

A

blood

38
Q

Every time heart force about _________ of blood into aorta with a great pressure.

A

85 ml

39
Q

avg pressure in each vessel

A

veins : 5 to 10 mm of Hg
venules : 20
capillaries : 40
vena cava: 0

40
Q

total blood flow in ml per min
for heart

A

rest is 250 and exc 750

41
Q

total blood flow in ml per min for kidneys

A

1200 at rest
600 at exc

42
Q

total blood flow in ml per min in muscles

A

rest 1000
125,000 exc

43
Q

total blood flow in ml per min in skin

A

400 rest
1900 exc

44
Q

total blood flow in ml per min in viscera

A

1400 rest and 600 exc

45
Q

total blood flow in ml per min brain

A

750 rest and exc

46
Q

total blood flow in ml per min in other

A

600 at rest and 400 exc

47
Q

total blood flow in ml per min total

A

5600 rest and 17,500 exc

48
Q

systolic bps of arteries family

A

120 aorta
102 arteries
artrieoles 60

49
Q

diastolic bps of arteries family

A

80 aorta
60 artry
artriole 45

BIO (17 decks)

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