Transmission of Diseases 12.3

Question 1

Direct Transmission

Answer 1

This is when diseases are spread through direct contact between on individual to another.

Question 2

Examples of direct transmission

Answer 2

Direct contact, inoculation, ingestion

Question 3

Direct Contact

Answer 3

Skin to skin (ringworm)
Bodily fluids (STDs)
Touching infected faeces (diarrhoea)

Question 4

Inoculation

Answer 4

This is when it enters your body from an open wound like a puncture, bite or break in the skin (septicemia)

Question 5

Ingestion

Answer 5

When you eat contaminated food or it’s transmitted from your hands to your mouth. (E.coli)

Question 6

Indirect Transmission

Answer 6

This is when diseases are transmitted indirectly so the two individual may not come into contact.

Question 7

Examples of indirect transmission

Answer 7

Fomites, Droplet Infection, Vectors

Question 8

Fomites

Answer 8

Inanimate objects like towels, bedding, socks etc.. (athletes foot)

Question 9

Droplet Infection

Answer 9

This is when it’s spread through the air through coughing, sneezing etc.. and you inhale it (tuberculosis or flu)

Question 10

Vectors

Answer 10

These are organisms that transmit communicable pathogens from one host to another without being affected e.g. mosquitos or fleas. Water can also be a vector (cholera)

Question 11

Factors affecting transmission of communicable diseases

Answer 11

Overcrowding, poor conditions, unhygienic environment, climate change as it can introduce new vectors, infrastructure like hospitals that aren’t well operated and socioeconomic factors like lack of trained healthcare workers.

Question 12

Direct transmission between plants

Answer 12

These are all the diseases that require the plants to come into contact with each other.

Question 13

Examples of direct transmission diseases in plants

Answer 13

Ring rot, potato blight, tobacco mosaic, black sigatoka

Question 14

Examples of indirect transmission in plants

Answer 14

Soil contamination and vectors

Question 15

Soil contamination

Answer 15

Some infected plants can leave infectious spores of fungi and protoctista in the soil which can infect another plant if it is planted there.

Question 16

Vectors

Answer 16

Vectors can be the wind carrying spores, water carrying pathogens, animals transmitting their diseases or humans.

Question 17

Factors affecting plant transmission

Answer 17

Overcrowding of plants, planting crops susceptible to disease, poor nutrition, damp warm conditions which spread the spores, climate change