Oxidative Phosphorylation 18.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain what happens during oxidative phosphorylation

A
  • The NADHs and FADH2s are delivered to the electron transport chain which are carrier proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
  • The hydrogen atoms from the reduced coenzymes dissociate into H+ ions and electrons. This is oxidation
  • The electrons are excited so are used in the etc for chemiosmosis to occur. The electrons oxidise electron carriers as they flow through the etc.
  • This energy causes protons to be pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space
  • This creates a proton gradients which leads to the diffusion of protons through a hydrophilic membrane channel that is attached to ATP synthase
  • ATP is then synthesised because the protons release energy as they travel through.
  • The protons end up back at the matrix and the electrons at the end of the etc will combine with protons and oxygen to form water.
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2
Q

Why does the electron transport chain not function without oxygen?

A

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor so the etc cannot operate without it as the electrons in the etc wouldn’t be accepted

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3
Q

Why can’t the hydrogens released from the NADH and FADH2 just combine with the oxygen?

A

This wouldn’t provide the energy needed for ATP to be synthesised, it would just raise the temperature of the cell

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4
Q

How many ATPs are made from oxidative phosphorylation?

A

30 because NAD results in 3 ATPS being made and FAD is 2.

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5
Q

How many ATPs are made in total in aerobic respiration for each step?

A

38 in total

  • 2 from glycolysis
  • 0 in the Link reaction
  • 2 made in Krebs
  • 30 made from oxidative phosphorylation
  • 4 made from substrate-level phosphorylation
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6
Q

Why is it unlikely you will use 38 ATP molecules?

A

You will never use all of them as they will be used up for other things. Some are used for reductions, some are used to make pyruvate in the matrix…

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