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bio 1 > translation and transcription > Flashcards

translation and transcription Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are genes made of and expressed in the phenotype by

A

made of DNA

expressed by polypetited

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2
Q

rna protein dna

what makes what

A

dna makes RNA which makes protein

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3
Q

how do RNA viruses work

A

RNA-> protein

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4
Q

how do retroviruses work

A

RNA->DNA->Rna->protein

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5
Q

what is the DNA->RNA

A

transcription

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6
Q

what is the RNA to protein

A

translation

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7
Q

how is RNA transcribed

A

transcribed from a dna template

the dna unzips little bu little and the RNA transcribes one of the strands

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8
Q

what is the catalyst for transcription

A

RNA polymerase

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9
Q

does RNA go in 5’-3’ or 3’5

A

5’-3’

antiparallel to DNA template

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10
Q

what is the genetic code made of

A

codons

triplets of nucleeotides

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11
Q

what does it mean that the genetic code is redundant

A

there are cordons that code for the same amino acid

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12
Q

what does it mean when you say the genetic code is unambiguous

A

each codon only codes for one amino acid

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13
Q

what is the start codon

A

aug

school starts in august

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14
Q

name the stop codons

A

uaa uga uag

STOP you are annoying, you go away, you are gone

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15
Q

when does translation start for prokaryotes

A

before the mRNA is finished

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16
Q

where does transcription/translation happen in eukaryotes

A

transcription: nucleous
translation: cytoplasm

17
Q

what does translation require

A

transfer RNA (tRNA)
activating enzymes
rihosomes

18
Q

what does the aminoacyl-tRNA sythetases do

A

it is a family of activating enzymes

it attaches specific amino acids to the right tRNA to make a charged tRNA

19
Q

where does the mRNA meet the charged tRNA

A

the ribosome

20
Q

how does translation happen

A

the tRNA charged with amino acid and a small ribosomal unit binds to the mRNA
The ribosome moves from 5’-3’ it moves along until it’s A site reaches a stop codon ) when it reaches it the amino train gets freeeeee

bio 1 (8 decks)

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