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Semester 1- MGD > Translation > Flashcards

Translation Flashcards

1
Q

Describe ribosomes in eukaryotes

A

80S
82 proteins
40S and 60S subunits

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2
Q

Describe ribosomes in prokaryotes

A

70S
56 proteins
30S and 50S subunits

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3
Q

How is the mRNA read by the ribosome?

A

As a triplet

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4
Q

In which direction is the mRNA read?

A

5’ to 3’

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5
Q

How many amino acids does a triplet (3 bases) code for?

A

1

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6
Q

What is always used as the start codon?

A

AUG (methionine)

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7
Q

Describe the structure of tRNA

A

Short chain
Hydrogen bonds
‘Clover-leaf’ shape
Anticodon

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8
Q

Why is DNA degenerative?

A

The third base in a triplet is ‘wobbly’. More than one code will result in the same amino acid

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9
Q

How is translation initiated?

A

The AUG codon is recognised by a methionyl tRNA ribosome.

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10
Q

What are the three type of RNA and their proportions in the body?

A

rRNA- RNA polymerase I- >80%
mRNA- RNA polymerase II- 2%
tRNA- RNA polymerase III- 15%

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Semester 1- MGD (14 decks)

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