Patterns of Inheritance Flashcards
Define ‘phenotype’
Your physical appearance
Give 3 ways the environment can change your phenotype
Radiation Mutagens Chemicals Diet Lifestyle
How does variation occur in meiosis?
Crossing over
Mutations
Describe what is meant by ‘homozygous’
Two alleles of a gene are the same
Describe what is meant by ‘heterozygous’
Two alleles of a gene are different
Describe what is meant by ‘hemizygous’
Only 1 allele of the gene present Eg. on the X chromosome
What is meant by ‘dominant allele’?
The allele will determine the phenotype
What is meant by ‘recessive allele’?
Only expressed when not paired to a dominant
What is meant by ‘autosomal allele’?
Not sex-linked
What is a pedigree?
A family tree where the alleles for each individual can be worked out. The chance of an offspring getting a disease can also be worked out
In a recessive autosomal disorder, are the carriers effected?
No
In a dominant autosomal disorder, are the carriers effected?
Yes
In what gender is an X-linked disease more likely?
Male
Give an example of a phenotype that can be controlled by co-dominant alleles
Blood types
Give an example of a condition that is controlled by complementation of alleles
Albinism
