Translation Flashcards
What is translation?
RNA –> Amino Acid
What are the two functions of tRNA?
recognizing a 3 base codon in mrna, and carrying an amino acid that is specific for that codon
What is a charged tRNA composed of?
amino acid, tRNA, ATP
Where does translation occur?
On the surface of ribosomes
Bacterial cells have ___ type of ____ in their cytoplasm
one, ribosome
Eukaryotic cells have two types of ribosomes, where are they?
In the cytoplasm, and mitochondria and chloroplasts
What are the 3 sits a ribosome contains?
A site, P site, E site
What facilitates the binding of mRNA to the 30S subunit in bacteria?
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence
What three things are needed to from an initiation complex in bacteria?
mRNA, initoator tRNA, and ribosomal subunits
What does the initator tRNA carry, respectfully, in eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Methionine (euks), Formylmethionine
What happens during the termination stage of translation?
A release factor binds to the A site, the polypeptie is cleaved, tRNA is released, and finally the Ribosome subunits, mRNA and release factor dissociate
What happens during elongation?
Peptide bond formed between polypetide and amino acid in A site, ribosome moves one codon to the right, tRNA in E released, repeat
