Chrom Organization

Question 1

What do chromosomes contain?

Answer 1

Genetic material

Question 2

Genome

Answer 2

comprises all the genetic material that an organism possesses

Question 3

What is the main function of genetic material?

Answer 3

To store the information required to produce an organims

Question 4

Each eukaryotic chromosome contains?

Answer 4

Many origins of replication, a centromere, telomeres, repetitive sequences

Question 5

What is the main reason for different size genomes?

Answer 5

Repetitive Sequences

Question 6

What is chromatin?

Answer 6

The DNA-protein complex

Question 7

What is a nucleosome made of?

Answer 7

Double-stranded segment of DNA (146 bp) wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins

Question 8

What is H1 called?

Answer 8

The linker histone, it binds to DNA in the linker region

Question 9

Heterochromatin

Answer 9

Tightly compacted regions of chromosomes, transcriptionally inactive

Question 10

Euchromatin

Answer 10

Less condense region of chromosomes, transcriptionally active

Question 11

Levels of compaction

Answer 11

2 nm (DNA double helix)
11 nm (DNA wrapping nucleosomes) ,30 (zig-zag structure) ,300 ( Radial loop domains) ,700 (Radial loops more compact) 1400 (Metaphase chromosome)

Question 12

What promotes the formation of metaphase chromosomes? HOW?

Answer 12

Condensin and Cohesin; Condensin plays a critical role in chromosome condensation, cohesin plays a critical role in sister chromatid alignment

Question 13

What makes a bacterial chromosome more compact?

Answer 13

Formation of loop domains

Question 14

How many origin of replications does a bacterial chromosome have?

Answer 14

1