Transes Flashcards Pt.1
Problem solving activity
➔ Involves the application of the
scientific method in investigating a
problem
➔ An activity which is:
● Systematic
● Objective
● Reproducible
Characteristics of the Research
Process
Systematic and rigorous
investigation for situation or
problem in order to:
● Generate new knowledge
● Validate existing knowledge
RESEARCH
Scientific process that validates
and refines existing knowledge and
generates new knowledge that
directly and indirectly influences
nursing practice.
➔ A systematic study and assessment
of nursing problems or
phenomena.
➔ About finding ways to improve
nursing practice and patient care
through creative studies, initiating
change and taking action to make
new knowledge useful to nursi
NURSING RESEARCH
➔ Research designed to guide
nursing practice and to improve
the health and quality of life of
nurses’ clients.
➔ Begins with questions stemming
from practices - related problems
such as those you may have
already encountered.
Clinical Nursing Research
Providing evidence-based care that
promotes quality outcomes for
patients, family, health care
providers, and the health care
system.
➔ Generation of an empirical
knowledge base to guide nursing
practice
Ultimate Goal of Nursing
Understanding information
transforms it from
knowledge you have into
knowledge you can actually
use.
- Nurses learning to
effectively process and use
info from published
research can improve their
information literacy.
INFORMATION LITERACY
Best clinical evidence in
making patient care
decisions and such
evidence typically comes
from research conducted by
nurses and other health
care practices.
- Requires nursing research
outcomes to drive clinical
decisions and care nurses
must based their work on
the results of the research.
- Nurses who incorporate
high-quality research
evidence into their clinical
decisions and advice are
being professionally
accountable to their clients.
Evidence-Based Practice
Nurses need to document
the social relevance and
effectiveness of their
practice, not only to the
profession but to nursing
care consumers, health
care administrators, third -
party prayers and
government agencies.
● Cost-effective
- Describe the characteristics
of a particular nursing
situation about which little
is known. - Explain phenomena that
must be considered in
planning nursing care - Predict the portable
outcomes of certain nursing
decisions. - Initiate activities to
promote desired client
behavior - Control the occurrence of
undesired outcomes - Teach through
problem-based learning.
● Enables nurses to “Depict”
Entirely theoretical and
aimed at improving or
expanding the knowledge -
base of a particular field of
study
- Designed to focus on
providing practical solutions
to a specific problem.
- Validation
Basic Research
Identifying and
understanding the nature
of a certain phenomena
and the relationships that
exist to describe what
exists in nursing practice
discover new information,
promote understanding of
situations and classify
information for use in the
discipline.
- Researchers observe,
count, delineate, educate,
and classify
● Identification and Description
- Exploratory researchers
investigate the full nature
of the phenomenon, the
manner in which it is
manifested and other
factors to which it is
related. - Designed to shed light on
the various ways in which a
phenomenon is manifested
and on underlying
processes. - Explanatory research aims
to understand the
underpinnings of specific
natural phenomena often
to explain what caused
them.
Exploration and Explanation
- Estimating and anticipating
the outcomes in a
particular situation. - Manipulating a situation so
as to achieve particular
outcomes.
Prediction and control
Treatment, Therapy, or
Intervention
● Diagnosis and Assessment
● Prognosis
● Harm and Etiology
● Meaning and Process
Purposes of Nursing Research to
Evidence-Based Practice
What step? Involves answering the
question, “what is already
known about the topic and
the research objectives
which I wish to
investigate?
Review the literature related
to the problem identified
What step? Select a research topic
- Identify the research
problem
- Formulate the research
objectives
- Determine the significance
of the research problem
and objectives identified.
Identify and define the
research problem
What step? The conceptual framework
explains either in the form
of a figure, in narrative
form, or both, the main
variable being studies in
the proposed research and
how they relate to each
other.
Develop the conceptual
framework underlying the
research problem and
objectives to be studied.
What step? Refers to the process of
reviewing, refining or fine
tuning the first draft of the
general and specific
objectives based on new
knowledge derived from
the review of literature.
- It may involve delimiting
the scope of the study
without dealing with trivial
problems.
Revisit the search objectives
and redefine the actual
problem of investigation in
more clear and specific terms
What step? - Formulate the operational
definitions of variables
- Identify attributes of the
variables to be studied in
the research project.
(Estimate magnitudes,
determine differences,
investigate relationship
between variable)
. Define the variables to be
studied
what step? - Study design
- Methods of subject
selection
- Sample size
- Strategies for control and
manipulation of relevant
variables
- Establishment of criteria to
evaluate outcomes
- Instrumentation
Construct the research design
What validity? Does the study measure
what illness to measure?
- Refers to the extent to
which various types of
biases are controlled in the
study like compatibility of
subject, measurement of
bias and others.
● Internal validity
What validity? Refers to the extent to
which the study result can
be generalized to a larger
population.
- Covers issues related to
sample reflection and
sample size.
External validity
