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Biology > Transcription & Translation > Flashcards

Transcription & Translation Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What does the central dogma describe?

A

Transcription & translation

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1
Q

When a particular protein is needed the call must make it through a process. Which process is this

A

Protein synthesis

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2
Q

What is transcription?

A

Process by which a portion of the DNA molecule, a specific gene, is copied into a complementary strand of RNA

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3
Q

What flows to proteins?

A

Genes

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4
Q

What do you call a complementary strand?

A

The RNA of the complementary strand is the messenger RNA(mRNA)

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5
Q

Where does protein synthesis occur?

A

Cytoplasm, at the ribosome

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6
Q

What doesn’t DNA do?

A

Leave the nucleus

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7
Q

How is the code made?

A

The Code is carried from the nucleus to the ribosome In cytoplasm

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8
Q

What is the first step of transcription?

A

Enzyme attaches to the gene causing two strands of DNA to separate

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9
Q

What is the second step of transcription?

A

Complementary RNA nucleotide bases bone to the base of ONE of the separated DNA strands

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10
Q

What is the third step of transcription?

A

RNA nucleotides form a single chained molecule (mRNA)

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11
Q

What is the fourth step of transcription?

A

The mRNA peels away and the two strands of DNA rejoin

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12
Q

In transcription?

A

Genes are transcribed, & Thymine is replaced with uracil in RNA so adenine in DNA pairs with uracil in RNA

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13
Q

What is translation?

A

Process of converting mRNA nucleotide sequence into a protein

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14
Q

Translation begins when…

A

Ribosomes attaches to the mRNA strand

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15
Q

What is transfer RNA?

A

Specific amino acid to the ribosome (rRNA) which is attached to the mRNA

16
Q

What is the first step of translation?

A

The mRNA leaves nucleus and joins the ribosome

17
Q

What is the second step of translation?

A

The ribosome “reads” the code (codons)

18
Q

What is the third step of translation?

A

Ribosome moves one codon down the mRNA

19
Q

What is the bond that forms between amino acids?

A

Peptide bond

20
Q

What occurs when forming a chain in translation?

A

Another tRNA, will arrive with another amino acid, this amino acid will bond to the first amino acid

21
Q

When does the process end?

A

When protein production is stopped

22
Q

What are condone?

A

Condones are every three bases on mRNA

23
Q

What do codons bond with?

A

Codons bond with anti codon which is three based of the tRNA

Biology (12 decks)

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