Transcription in Eukaryotes

Question 1

Define and describe mRNA

Answer 1

messenger RNA, codes for proteins

Question 2

Define and describe rRNA

Answer 2

ribosomal RNA, contributes to the structure of ribosomes

Question 3

Define and describe tRNA

Answer 3

transfer RNA, carries AAs to ribosome

Question 4

Define and describe snRNA

Answer 4

small nuclear RNA, involved in splicing

Question 5

Define and describe snoRNA

Answer 5

small nucleolar RNA, involved in maturation and covalent modification of rRNAs

Question 6

Define and describe miRNA

Answer 6

micro RNA, control gene expression

Question 7

Define and describe ncRNA

Answer 7

other non-coding RNA, plays role in telomere synthesis, X-chromosome inactivation, transport of proteins to the ER

Question 8

Localization and transcribed genes responsible for RNA pol 1.

Answer 8

• nucleolus

- rRNA 5.8S, 18S, 28S

Question 9

Localization and transcribed genes responsible for RNA pol 2.

Answer 9

• nucleoplasm

- protein coding genes, miRNA, snoRNA, some snRNA

Question 10

Localization and transcribed genes responsible for RNA pol 3.

Answer 10

-nucleoplasm

5S rRNA, tRNA, some snRNA, other small RNAs

Question 11

What is the role of the 5’ UTR

Answer 11

separates the +1 from the ATG sequence

Question 12

What is the role of the 3’ UTR

Answer 12

part of the last exon

Question 13

What are the four consensus sequences in a basal promoter

Answer 13

BRE, TATA, INR, and DPE

Question 14

Define BRE

Answer 14

B-recognition element
position: -35
binds to general tf TFIIB

Question 15

Define TATA

Answer 15

position: -30

binds to general tf TBP

Question 16

Define INR

Answer 16

initiator element
position: +1
binds to general tf TFIID

Question 17

Define DPE

Answer 17

downstream promoter element
position: +30
binds to general tf TFIID

Question 18

what is the primary RNA pol. used in euk?

Answer 18

RNA pol 2