Control of gene expression in eukaryotes part 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define RNAi

A

A mechanism by which very selective degradation of mRNA takes place

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2
Q

Define the role of Dicer

A

cuts dsRNA into 22 nt pieces

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3
Q

Define siRNA

A

22bp of target mRNA

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4
Q

Define RISC

A

RNA-induced silencing complex

A complex of proteins that takes the siRNA and matches it to the target RNA, and then cleaves the RNA

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5
Q

Define Argonaut

A

Protein in RISC that cleaves the dsRNA

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6
Q

Define microRNAs

A
  • A way of attacking mRNA from an intrinsic source

-

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7
Q

What are the two ways microRNA can work?

A
  1. perfect match: degradation of mRNA immediately

2. Imperfect match: transportation to p bodies for degradation

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8
Q

Define RITS?

A

RNA-induced transcriptional silencing complex.

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9
Q

How does RITS work?

A

RITS interacts with mRNA exiting RNA pol. The presence of RITS near the gene attracts CRCs, to create heterochromatin

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10
Q

There will probably be a question of comparing the different types of RNA.

A

Ok

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11
Q

What are four modes of negative control in eukaryotes

A
  1. Protein inhibits stat or stop codon
  2. Cold temperatures cause hairpin, hiding start codon
  3. Small molecule creates hairpin that hides start codon
  4. antisense RNA covers the start codon
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12
Q

Define ferritin

A

Protein that binds iron when it is in excess

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13
Q

Define transferrin receptor

A

Protein that transports iron through the plasma membrane

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14
Q

What is eIF-2?

A

A factor needed for assembly of the 40S unit of the ribosome

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15
Q

What is the role of eIF2B?

A

It is responsible for exchanging GDP for GTP on EiF-2

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