Transcription

Question 1

Where heterogenous RNA is formed

Answer 1

The nucleus

Question 2

What are ribozymes?

Answer 2

RNA with enzymatic activity

Question 3

What molecule has the structure alpah2 beta beta

Answer 3

Core polymerase responsible for making RNA

Question 4

Role of sigma factor

Answer 4

Required to initiate transcription at a promoter

Question 5

Role of rho factor

Answer 5

Sometimes required to terminatte transcription

Question 6

Role of RNA polymerase I (located in nucleolus)

Answer 6

Synthesizes 5.8S, 18S and 28S rRNA

Question 7

Role of RNA polymerase II (nucleoplasm)

Answer 7

Synthesizes mRNA

Question 8

Role of RNA polymerase III (nucleoplasm)

Answer 8

Synthesizes tRNA and 5S rRNA and some snRNA.

Question 9

Transcription factor that helps initiate eukaryotic transcription

Answer 9

Transcription factor II D (TFIID)

Question 10

Which drug inhibits all transcription

Answer 10

Actinomycin D

Question 11

Which toxin inhibits RNA polymerase II

Answer 11

Alpha amanitin

Question 12

Which strand of DNA is used for transcription?

Answer 12

Anitcoding/template strand

Question 13

Included in bacterial promoter regions to initiate transcription of mRNA

Answer 13

TATA box / Pribnow box at -10 and a -35 sequence

Question 14

Termination sequence for Rho-independent termination

Answer 14

GC rich region/ hair pin loop

Question 15

Proteins that help RNA polymerase II recognize and bind to promoters

Answer 15

Transcription factors

Question 16

Recognition sequence in eukaryotic promoter regions

Answer 16

TATA/ Hogness box at -25 and CAAT at -70

Question 17

Post-transcriptional modifications of pre-mRNA

Answer 17

Additon of a 5’ 7-methylguanosine cap and 3’ poly A tail addition

Question 18

Signal sequence for poly A tail addition

Answer 18

AAUAAA

Question 19

Result of mutations in splice sites

Answer 19

Abnormal proteins

Question 20

Codon on tRNA acceptor arms that carries the amino acid

Answer 20

CCA

Question 21

How does the lac operon function under low glucose?

Answer 21

increased adenylate cyclase activity -> increased generation of cAMP from ATP -> activation of
catabolite activator protein (CAP) -> increased transcription.

Question 22

How does the lac operon function under high lactose?

Answer 22

unbinds repressor protein from repressor/operator site leads to increased transcription.

Question 23

Mutation in what part of the gene usually leads to decreased level of gene transcription?

Answer 23

Promoter