Transcription Flashcards
Where heterogenous RNA is formed
The nucleus
What are ribozymes?
RNA with enzymatic activity
What molecule has the structure alpah2 beta beta
Core polymerase responsible for making RNA
Role of sigma factor
Required to initiate transcription at a promoter
Role of rho factor
Sometimes required to terminatte transcription
Role of RNA polymerase I (located in nucleolus)
Synthesizes 5.8S, 18S and 28S rRNA
Role of RNA polymerase II (nucleoplasm)
Synthesizes mRNA
Role of RNA polymerase III (nucleoplasm)
Synthesizes tRNA and 5S rRNA and some snRNA.
Transcription factor that helps initiate eukaryotic transcription
Transcription factor II D (TFIID)
Which drug inhibits all transcription
Actinomycin D
Which toxin inhibits RNA polymerase II
Alpha amanitin
Which strand of DNA is used for transcription?
Anitcoding/template strand
Included in bacterial promoter regions to initiate transcription of mRNA
TATA box / Pribnow box at -10 and a -35 sequence
Termination sequence for Rho-independent termination
GC rich region/ hair pin loop
Proteins that help RNA polymerase II recognize and bind to promoters
Transcription factors
Recognition sequence in eukaryotic promoter regions
TATA/ Hogness box at -25 and CAAT at -70
Post-transcriptional modifications of pre-mRNA
Additon of a 5’ 7-methylguanosine cap and 3’ poly A tail addition
Signal sequence for poly A tail addition
AAUAAA
Result of mutations in splice sites
Abnormal proteins
Codon on tRNA acceptor arms that carries the amino acid
CCA
How does the lac operon function under low glucose?
increased adenylate cyclase activity -> increased generation of cAMP from ATP -> activation of
catabolite activator protein (CAP) -> increased transcription.
How does the lac operon function under high lactose?
unbinds repressor protein from repressor/operator site leads to increased transcription.
Mutation in what part of the gene usually leads to decreased level of gene transcription?
Promoter
