Genetic Regulation Flashcards
Residue in histones that is usually acetylated
Lysyl residues, which decreasing the positive charge making the histones bind less to the DNA
Enhancers
DNA sequences that serve as binding sites for activator proteins
Silencers
DNA sequences that serve s binding sites for repressor proteins
Types of DNA binding domains
Zinc fingers, leucine zippers, helix-loop-helix, helix-turn-helix
Two domains contained within transcription factors
DNA binding domain and activation domain
Transcription factors bind to…
Response elements (DNA sequences)
Characteristic of Zinc fingers
Steroid hormone receptor
Characteristic of Leucine zippers
cAMP-dependent transcription factor
Characteristic of Helix-turn-Helix
Homeodomain proteins encoded by homeotic/homeobox genes
Roles of activator domain of transcription factors
Bind other transcription factors
Interact with RNA polymerase II to stabilize the complex
Recruit acetylases or deacetylases
A general transcription factor and it’s function
TFIID has a TATA box-binding protein subunit that has to bind to the TATA box before RNA Pol II can bind.
Function of specific transcription factors
Bind to enhancers and regulate the RATE of initiation
Examples of specific transcription factors
Steroid hormones
CREB proteins
The chromatin fiber is stabilized by?
H1 binding to nucleosome and linker DNA
Which amino acids in histones causes the binding to DNA
Lysine and arginine
