tranlecture4

Question 1

how does mydriasis from M3 inhibition differ from alpha 1 activation

Answer 1

with if you still have accommodation its a1 mydriasis no cycloplegia

Question 2

what is the effect of aplaha one on the vas deferens

Answer 2

ejaculation

Question 3

where are the Alpha 2 receptors

Answer 3

brain post synaptic organs and in the platelets and pancreas

Question 4

what is dromotropy inotropy and chronotropy

Answer 4

conduction volocity force of contration and heart rate

Question 5

what is reflex tachycardia

Answer 5

an decrease in BP will lead to an increase in heart rate

Question 6

how does Alpha 2 agonist effect interocular pressure

Answer 6

decreased the production of aqueous humor

Question 7

know slide the autonomic feedback loop controlling blood pressure

Answer 7

Slide 82

Question 8

what happens when you stimulate Alpha 1 receptors or alpha 1 antigonists

Answer 8

reflex bradycardia or reflex tachycardia

Question 9

what loop is faster acting autonomic or hormonal

Answer 9

hormonal feedback loop for blood pressure

Question 10

how does the response change with direct acting drugs with prior treatments

Answer 10

because it directly acts on the receptors it is not reduced by prior treatment with reserpine or guanethidine

Question 11

how does the response change with mixed acting drugs with prior treatments

Answer 11

ephedrine, response is reduced with prior treatment with reserpine or guanethidine but not completely abolished.

Question 12

how does the response change with indirect acting drugs with prior treatments

Answer 12

resposnes are ablolished by prior treatment with reserpine or guanethidine

Question 13

what is phenylephine or neo-synephrine

Answer 13

activate alpha 1 receptors on vascular muslc increasesd BP and TPR. Can activate the bet receptors only at much higher levels.clincial indications antihypotensive orthohypotensiion shock, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia [will activate the reflex loop and will cause reflex bradicardia], nasal decongestant [vasoconstiction], and mydriatic[constict the muscles in the eye].

Question 14

what are he a2 selective adrenergic receptors agonists

Answer 14

clonidine or catapres, alpha methyldopa or aldomet, apraclonidine or lodipine, or brimonidine or alphagan

Question 15

how does the clonidine or alpha methyldopa work

Answer 15

activate central alpha 2 receptorr lowers the central sympathetic outflow lowers the bloop pressure lowers aqueous humor production lowers intraculrar pressure used to reate systemic hypertension and gluacoma side effects inculded dry mouth sedation and hypotension

Question 16

what is a metaprontenerol

Answer 16

beta selsevie resistant to methylation of COMT long term treatment of obstructive airway disease asthma a and acute bronchospasm

Question 17

what is terbutaline

Answer 17

Beta 2 selective used in asthma long term obstructive airway disease acute bronchospasm

Question 18

wha tis albuterol

Answer 18

oral use only can delay preterm labor and asthma brochospasm beta 2

Question 19

what is ritodrine

Answer 19

uternine relacant prolong pregnacy beta 2 arrest premature labor

Question 20

what are the side effects of beta 2 agonists

Answer 20

tachycardia increase plasma glucose lactate and free fatty acids, decrease potasium careful with those taking digoxin and diuretics because it will increase stage three due to the lower potassium but all these are much less likely with the inhalation therapy compared to the oral therapy.

Question 21

what is fenoldopam

Answer 21

a D1 receptor agonist, some effects on alpha 2 but mostly on D1. Used in hypertensive crisis can cause hypotensive.