canceranddiets Flashcards
what are the six hallmarks of cancer
evasion of growth inhibitory signals, growth signal autonomy, evasion of apoptosis, unlimited replication, sustained angiogensis, invasion and metastasis.
what is metabolic syndrome
obesity hypertension high blood sugar insulin resistance
what changed in the 80’s that increased our obesity
they told us to stop eating fats and eat more carbs so we did and we got fat.
how does calorie excess lead to inflammation
excess intake leads to reactive oxidative species leads to inflammation, impairs the endoplasmic reticulum leads to unfolded proteins which lead to inflammation, and lasts more long chain fatty acids leads to more co-enzyme a molecules making more inflammation.
what does high insulin levels lead to
supresses apoptosis and initiates cell cycle from G1 to S phase
how does insulin or c peptide effect cancer
high insulin and c peptide leads to a work prognosis.
how does VGEF relate to cancer
VGEF production stimulated by insulin and high VGEF correlates to a more aggressive cancer
how does estrogen relate to cancer
stimulate VEGF and inhibits growth factors so its treated with tamoxifen to inhibit the estrogen.
what is chacteristic of visceral fat cells
macrophages around necrotic adipocytes
endometrial is what type of cancer
Metabolic 90% has to do with being overweight or obese
what percent of cancers are related to obesity and physical inactivity
33.00%
what is the largest medical disaster of the past 100 years
the recommendation of a low fat /high carbohydrate diet.
how does an energy intake of 238 kcal/day in childhood relate to adult cancer
Every 238 leads to 20% increase in adult cancers unrelated to smoking.
what is the inhaled nicotine per pack
21 mg per pack
