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Theories of Personality > Traits & Personology > Flashcards

Traits & Personology Flashcards

1
Q

is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought.

A

Personality

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2
Q

moving and changing

A

dynamic

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3
Q

structured

A

organized

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4
Q

involving both the mind and the body

A

psychophysical

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5
Q

structured by the past and predisposing of the future

A

determined

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6
Q

unique for each individual

A

characteristic

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7
Q

suggests that the development of personality is essentially the accumulation of skill, habits, and discriminations, without anything really new appearing in the person’s makeup.

A

Continuity theory

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8
Q

Changes are merely quantitative relative to the amount of inputs, Such continuity theories are c___d s____s

A

closed systems

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9
Q

suggests that in the course of development an organism experiences genuine transformations or changes and consequently reaches successively higher levels of organization

A

discontinuity theory

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10
Q

are bona fide structures within a person that influence behavior; they are not simply labels we use to describe or classify behaviors; are also a consistent and enduring; they account for consistency in human behavior, and may be considered the ultimate reality of psychological organization

A

traits

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11
Q

a determining tendency or predisposition to respond to the world in certain ways

A

trait

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12
Q

a hypothetical construct that permits us to compare individuals within a given culture

A

common trait

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13
Q

like a trait, a general determining characteristic, but it is unique to the individual who has it

A

personal disposition

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14
Q

If a personal disposition is so pervasive that almost every behavior of the individual appears to be influenced by it, it is called a
c____l d_____n

A

cardinal disposition

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15
Q

are highly characteristic tendencies of an individual. They provide the adjectives or phrases a person might use in describing the essential characteristics of another individual in a letter of recommendation.

A

central disposition

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16
Q

more specific, focused tendencies that are often situational in character and less crucial to the personality structure

A

secondary dispositions

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17
Q

refers to the central experiences of self-awareness that people have as they grow and move forward

A

proporium

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18
Q

to connote forward movement

A

pro-

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19
Q

knowing one’s body and its limits

A

bodily self

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20
Q

awareness of inner sameness and continuity

A

self-identity

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21
Q

pride in the ability to do things

A

self-esteem

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22
Q

sense of possession and valuing of others

A

self-extension

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23
Q

sense of measuring up to expectations of others

A

self-image

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24
Q

sense of self as active problem-solving agent

A

self-as-rational-coper

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25
Q

development of long-term purpose and goals

A

priopriate striving

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26
Q

the idea that adult motivation is not necessarily tied to the past

A

functional autonomy

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27
Q

refers to acts or behaviors that are repeated even though they may have lost their original function; they are not controlled by the proprium and have no genuine connection with it.

A

Perseverative functional autonomy

28
Q

refers to those acquired interests, values, attitudes, intentions, and lifestyles that are directed from the proprium.

A

propriate functional autonomy

29
Q

Allport’s six criteria of maturity

A
  1. Extension of the sense of self
  2. Warm relating of self to others
  3. Emotional security (self-acceptance)
  4. Realistic perception, skills, and assignments
  5. Self-objectification (insight and humor)
  6. Unifying philosophy of life
30
Q

which means law, and thetes

A

nomos

31
Q

which means one who establishes

A

nomothetic approach

32
Q

that centers on the individual, employing techniques and variables that are appropriate to understanding the uniqueness of each person and uncovering personal dispositions

A

Idiographic approach

33
Q

means one’s own

A

idios

34
Q

means to write

A

graphein

35
Q

study of individual “human lives and the factors that influence their course”

A

personology

36
Q

a short, significant behavior pattern that has a clear beginning and ending

A

proceeding

37
Q

These are interactions between the subject and another person or object in the environment, it may be internal (imagined) or external (real)

A

Proceedings

38
Q

A succession of proceedings constitute a s__l

A

serial

39
Q

It is a planned series of proceedings that leads toward a goal, and may stretch into the future for months or even years

A

serial program

40
Q

Serial programs are governed by a mental process known as o____n, that enables us, once we understand our world, to develop a strategy for coping with it. It also permit us to develop schedules or plans for resolving conflicting proceedings

A

Ordination

41
Q

a construct representing a force in the brain that organizes our perception, understanding, and behavior in such a way as to change an unsatisfying situation and increase our satisfaction; may be aroused by internal state, such as hunger, or by external stimuli, such as food

A

meed

42
Q

to govern and direct

A

dominance

43
Q

to respect and conform

A

deference

44
Q

to behave independently

A

autonomy

45
Q

to attack and fight

A

aggression

46
Q

to yield and surrender

A

abasement

47
Q

to succeed at a hard task

A

achievement

48
Q

to be erotic

A

sex

49
Q

to find joy in sensuousnes

A

sentience

50
Q

to show off and attract attention

A

exhibition

51
Q

to have fun

A

play

52
Q

to relate to others

A

affiliation

53
Q

to exclude others

A

rejection

54
Q

to seek help

A

succorance

55
Q

to give help

A

nurturance

56
Q

to guard against embarrassment

A

infavoidance

57
Q

to protect one’s self from abuse

A

defendance

58
Q

to face failure with continued effort

A

counteraction

59
Q

to stay away from danger

A

harm avoidance

60
Q

to organize things

A

order

61
Q

to seek comprehension

A

understanding

62
Q

they become very urgent if they are not satisfied

A

prepotent

63
Q

forces from objects or persons within the environment that help or hinder an individual in reaching goals.

A

press

64
Q

Examples of Press

A
  • Cultural discord
  • Family discord
  • Poverty
  • Accident
  • Loss of possessions
  • Presence of siblings
  • Maltreatment of contemporaries
  • Religious training
  • Encouragement
  • Friendship
  • Sexual abuse
  • illness
65
Q

actual properties or attributes of the environment

A

alpha press

66
Q

the individual’s subjective perception of the environment and the determinants of behavior

A

beta press

67
Q

a projective technique in which a person makes up a story of ambiguous pictures

A

Thematic apperception test

Theories of Personality (10 decks)

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