Traits & Personology

Question 1

is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought.

Answer 1

Personality

Question 2

moving and changing

Answer 2

dynamic

Question 3

structured

Answer 3

organized

Question 4

involving both the mind and the body

Answer 4

psychophysical

Question 5

structured by the past and predisposing of the future

Answer 5

determined

Question 6

unique for each individual

Answer 6

characteristic

Question 7

suggests that the development of personality is essentially the accumulation of skill, habits, and discriminations, without anything really new appearing in the person’s makeup.

Answer 7

Continuity theory

Question 8

Changes are merely quantitative relative to the amount of inputs, Such continuity theories are c___d s____s

Answer 8

closed systems

Question 9

suggests that in the course of development an organism experiences genuine transformations or changes and consequently reaches successively higher levels of organization

Answer 9

discontinuity theory

Question 10

are bona fide structures within a person that influence behavior; they are not simply labels we use to describe or classify behaviors; are also a consistent and enduring; they account for consistency in human behavior, and may be considered the ultimate reality of psychological organization

Answer 10

traits

Question 11

a determining tendency or predisposition to respond to the world in certain ways

Answer 11

trait

Question 12

a hypothetical construct that permits us to compare individuals within a given culture

Answer 12

common trait

Question 13

like a trait, a general determining characteristic, but it is unique to the individual who has it

Answer 13

personal disposition

Question 14

If a personal disposition is so pervasive that almost every behavior of the individual appears to be influenced by it, it is called a
c____l d_____n

Answer 14

cardinal disposition

Question 15

are highly characteristic tendencies of an individual. They provide the adjectives or phrases a person might use in describing the essential characteristics of another individual in a letter of recommendation.

Answer 15

central disposition

Question 16

more specific, focused tendencies that are often situational in character and less crucial to the personality structure

Answer 16

secondary dispositions

Question 17

refers to the central experiences of self-awareness that people have as they grow and move forward

Answer 17

proporium

Question 18

to connote forward movement

Answer 18

pro-

Question 19

knowing one’s body and its limits

Answer 19

bodily self

Question 20

awareness of inner sameness and continuity

Answer 20

self-identity

Question 21

pride in the ability to do things

Answer 21

self-esteem

Question 22

sense of possession and valuing of others

Answer 22

self-extension

Question 23

sense of measuring up to expectations of others

Answer 23

self-image

Question 24

sense of self as active problem-solving agent

Answer 24

self-as-rational-coper

Question 25

development of long-term purpose and goals

Answer 25

priopriate striving

Question 26

the idea that adult motivation is not necessarily tied to the past

Answer 26

functional autonomy

Question 27

refers to acts or behaviors that are repeated even though they may have lost their original function; they are not controlled by the proprium and have no genuine connection with it.

Answer 27

Perseverative functional autonomy

Question 28

refers to those acquired interests, values, attitudes, intentions, and lifestyles that are directed from the proprium.

Answer 28

propriate functional autonomy

Question 29

Allport's six criteria of maturity

Answer 29

1. Extension of the sense of self 2. Warm relating of self to others 3. Emotional security (self-acceptance) 4. Realistic perception, skills, and assignments 5. Self-objectification (insight and humor) 6. Unifying philosophy of life

Question 30

which means law, and thetes

Answer 30

nomos

Question 31

which means one who establishes

Answer 31

nomothetic approach

Question 32

that centers on the individual, employing techniques and variables that are appropriate to understanding the uniqueness of each person and uncovering personal dispositions

Answer 32

Idiographic approach

Question 33

means one’s own

Answer 33

idios

Question 34

means to write

Answer 34

graphein

Question 35

study of individual “human lives and the factors that influence their course"

Answer 35

personology

Question 36

a short, significant behavior pattern that has a clear beginning and ending

Answer 36

proceeding

Question 37

These are interactions between the subject and another person or object in the environment, it may be internal (imagined) or external (real)

Answer 37

Proceedings

Question 38

A succession of proceedings constitute a s__l

Answer 38

serial

Question 39

It is a planned series of proceedings that leads toward a goal, and may stretch into the future for months or even years

Answer 39

serial program

Question 40

Serial programs are governed by a mental process known as o____n, that enables us, once we understand our world, to develop a strategy for coping with it. It also permit us to develop schedules or plans for resolving conflicting proceedings

Answer 40

Ordination

Question 41

a construct representing a force in the brain that organizes our perception, understanding, and behavior in such a way as to change an unsatisfying situation and increase our satisfaction; may be aroused by internal state, such as hunger, or by external stimuli, such as food

Answer 41

meed

Question 42

to govern and direct

Answer 42

dominance

Question 43

to respect and conform

Answer 43

deference

Question 44

to behave independently

Answer 44

autonomy

Question 45

to attack and fight

Answer 45

aggression

Question 46

to yield and surrender

Answer 46

abasement

Question 47

to succeed at a hard task

Answer 47

achievement

Question 48

to be erotic

Answer 48

sex

Question 49

to find joy in sensuousnes

Answer 49

sentience

Question 50

to show off and attract attention

Answer 50

exhibition

Question 51

to have fun

Answer 51

play

Question 52

to relate to others

Answer 52

affiliation

Question 53

to exclude others

Answer 53

rejection

Question 54

to seek help

Answer 54

succorance

Question 55

to give help

Answer 55

nurturance

Question 56

to guard against embarrassment

Answer 56

infavoidance

Question 57

to protect one’s self from abuse

Answer 57

defendance

Question 58

to face failure with continued effort

Answer 58

counteraction

Question 59

to stay away from danger

Answer 59

harm avoidance

Question 60

to organize things

Answer 60

order

Question 61

to seek comprehension

Answer 61

understanding

Question 62

they become very urgent if they are not satisfied

Answer 62

prepotent

Question 63

forces from objects or persons within the environment that help or hinder an individual in reaching goals.

Answer 63

press

Question 64

Examples of Press

Answer 64

- Cultural discord - Family discord - Poverty - Accident - Loss of possessions - Presence of siblings - Maltreatment of contemporaries - Religious training - Encouragement - Friendship - Sexual abuse - illness

Question 65

actual properties or attributes of the environment

Answer 65

alpha press

Question 66

the individual’s subjective perception of the environment and the determinants of behavior

Answer 66

beta press

Question 67

a projective technique in which a person makes up a story of ambiguous pictures

Answer 67

Thematic apperception test