Object Relations Theory Flashcards
refer to any target through which an infant seeks to satisfy the aim of a drive
a. libido
b. drive
c. aim
d. object
Object
is the aim of relational needs in human development, and object relations are the intrapsychic experiences of those early relationships.
a. libido
b. object
c. ego
Object
She initiated the shift in emphasis away from studying innate biological instincts and towards relations between people and proposed that drives are psychological forces that seek people as their objects.
A. Melanie Klein
B. Margaret Mahler
C. Mary Wordsworth
Melanie Klein
This s___g of the object image into opposites in the internal world of fantasy permits children to treat the internalized object as clearly good or bad while continuing to trust and love the actual external person who is an intricate combination of both.
a. slaying
b. splitting
c. splattering
Splitting
The feeling of “__” stems from the nurturance that is seen as acceptance by the mother.
a. great-me
b. bad-me
c. evil-me
d. good-me
Good-me
the feeling of ___ stems from the frustration that is seen as rejection.
a. great-me
b. bad-me
c. evil-me
d. good-me
Bad-me
According to this theory, personality is shaped by relationships with significant others; Only through interactions with significant others do we take into ourselves parts of others and begin to build a self-structure.
a, personology
b. object relations theory
c. experimental analysis
d. social learning theory
Object relations theory
individuation optimally begins about the fourth month and leads to the formation of a stable self-concept near the end of the third year
A. The process of individuation
B. The process of separation
The process of separation
suggests psychological growth away from one’s primary caregiver and toward one’s unique identity
A. Separation
B. Individuation
C. Rapprochement
D. Differentiation
Individuation
implies physical differentiation and separateness from one’s primary caregiver
A. Separation
B. Individuation
C. Rapprochement
D. Differentiation
Separation
what are the two “forerunner phases”?
Normal autism and Normal symbiosis
which the infant’s ego develops from a state of absolutely primary narcissism to a recognition of an external world
normal autism and normal symbiosis
the development of a body image separate from that of the mother (five to nine months)
A. Differentiation
B. Practicing
C. Rapprochement
D. Consolidation
Differentiation
perfecting motor abilities and developing physical independence (ten to fourteen months)
A. Differentiation
B. Practicing
C. Rapprochement
D. Consolidation
Practicing
increased awareness of separateness from its mother, with an accompanying sensitivity to her absence that expresses a conflict between the urge to separate and the fear of loss and a recognition that mothers have both good and bad aspects (fourteen to twenty-four months)
A. Differentiation
B. Practicing
C. Rapprochement
D. Consolidation
Rapprochement
unification of good and bad in mother with the image of her as a separate entity in the external world and the beginnings of the child’s own individuality and separate personhood as seen in the development of a self-concept based on a stable sense of “me” (two to three years)
A. Differentiation
B. Practicing
C. Rapprochement
D. Consolidation
Consolidation
an object is primarily a person, but it can also be something inanimate, such as a pacifier or blanket.
A. Object relations theory
B. Social learning theory
C. Experimental Behavior Analysis
D. Traits and personology
Object Relations Theory
Object relations theorists emphasize the importance of effectively meeting early infantile needs. Heinz Kohut was very specific in his ___?
a. self-theory
b. me-theory
c. i-theory
self-theory
Heinz Kohut maintained that children need to be m___ — to have their talk and their accomplishments acknowledged, accepted, and praise
a. reflected
b. mirrored
c. imitated
Mirrored
Such i____n enables them to develop goals. In time, most children learn that their idealized notions are incorrect, and they substitute a more realistic assessment of both themselves and their parents. In part, this learning depends on parents responding positively to their children’s unique, lovable, and commendable characteristics.
a. idealization
b. imitization
c. idolization
idealization
a preliminary core self, emerges in the second year and is bipolar
a. manic self
b. nuclear self
c. ego self
nuclear self
It has qualities of self-esteem and self-confidence, establishes both general ambition and precise goals, and develops talents and skills in order to meet them; it shows healthy independence and flexibility in interpersonal relations.
a. autocratic self
b. autonomous self
c. magnanimous self
autonomous self
it occurs when an individual fails to develop an independent sense of self.
a. borderline
b. narcissism
c. identity crisis
narcissism
It is characterized by an exaggerated sense of self importance and self-involvement, behaviors that hide a fragile sense of self-worth
a. borderline personality
b. personality disorder
c. narcissistic personality
Narcissistic personality
a serious mental illness more common than schizophrenia or bipolar disorder but less well known. Such patients are unable to engage in introspection, develop insight, and work through problems. They frequently have strong mood swings and are inclined to see significant others in their lives as all good or all bad.
Borderline personality disorder
Kernberg’s method of treatment, which he calls t___e-f____d p____y, differs from classical psychoanalysis in that a complete transference neurosis is not permitted to develop, nor is transference resolved through interpretation alone. Instead, the therapist clearly depicts and discusses the patient’s seeming distortions or reality, such as a distorted view of the therapist.
transference-focused psychotherapy
an integrated value system that entails the prevalence of love over hatred and of libido over the death drive
mature religiosity
