Training Key # 610 and 699 - Human Trafficking Flashcards
Human trafficking commonly referred to as
the modern day slavery
The U.S. Department of State’s 2006 Trafficking in Persons Report estimates
900,000 people are trafficked per year international, with 17,000 of these victims trafficked into the United States 80% of those who are trafficked are women
Trafficking networks are not limited to urban localities
as traffickers also seek the seclusion of rural and remote areas to operate undetected
The Trafficking Victims Protection Act was passed
passed to address the problem of trafficking in persons through protection and assistance for victims, prosecution of offenders, and prevention efforts internationally.
The TVPA defines human trafficking
The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provisions or obtaining of a person for labor or services through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage or slavery. Sex trafficking meaning the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud or coercion or in which the person induced to perform such an act is under the age of 18
Smuggling occurs when
someone is paid to assist another in the illegal crossing of borders
A key distinction between trafficking and smuggling lies in
the individual’s freedom of choice
Once a person has been held in servitude, a person’s status as a trafficking victim supersedes all other smuggling or immigration questions and affords them legal protections and social services
True
Trafficking:
- Is not voluntary.
- Entails forced exploitation.
- Need not entail physical movement.
- Can occur domestically.
- A crime against the right of each person.
Smuggling:
- Is voluntary.
- Ends after the border crossing.
- Fees are usually paid in advance or upon arrival.
- Is always international in nature.
- A crime against the nation’s sovereignty.
Servile Marriage also known as mail order brides. Practice of arranging to marry someone from another country is not necessarily trafficking
some traffickers hide their operations by posing as international marriage brokerage.
Protocol for Successful Interviews
- Traffickers might not be easy to distinguish form victims
- Select a skilled interpreter who they are confident is in not was connected to the traffickers
- Do not begin an interview with documentation or legal status
- Do not ask “are you a slave”
- Adopt a compassionate and non judgmental manner
- Conduct interviews individually and in private
- Allow victims to tell their story
- Allow interviewees to describe what happened to their counterparts
- Conduct interviews in plain clothes if possible
The T visa is available to victims who self-petition to stay in the United States for up to four years if they
1) have been a victim of a severe form of trafficking, 2) Have complied with reasonable requests to assist the investigation or prosecution, 3) Are physically present in the United States on account of trafficking and 4) Would suffer hardship if repatriated
U visa is valid for up to four years. It is not specific to trafficking cases but is available to victims of a number of crimes, including trafficking
1) Are victims of a violation of federal, state or local criminal laws against rape, torture, trafficking, incest, domestic violence, sexual assault, abusive sexual contact, prostitution, sexual exploitation, genital mutilation, being held hostage, peonage, involuntary servitude, slave trade, kidnapping, abduction, blackmail, murder, felonious assault, witness tampering, 2) have suffered sever physical or mental abuse and 3) Have been helpful or being helpful in the investigation or prosecution.
The average age of entry into prostitution
12-14 years old
