Tragic Tectonics Thickers questions

Question 1

What are crafts, that can fly over Kármán line , known as?

Answer 1

Spacecrafts

Question 2

What are crafts, that can only fly under Kármán line , known as?

Answer 2

Aircrafts

Question 3

What are the percentages of the gases in the Earth atomsphere

Answer 3

• Nitrogen: 78%
• Oxygen: 21%
• Argon: 0.9%
• Carbon dioxide: 0.04%
• Other gases: 0.1%. These include trace amounts of methane, water vapor, and neon.
• Water vapor: variable. On average, it is around 1% at sea level and 0.4% over the entire atmosphere.

Question 4

Average temp

Earth’s atomsphere

Answer 4

14℃

Question 5

Layers of

Earth’s atomsphere

Answer 5

1. Troposphere:Where the majority of breathing air is.
2. Stratosphere:Mountain peaks and planes fly here
3. Mesosphere:Coldest layer
4. Thermosphere:Warmest due to ozone layer absorbing radiation.Kárman Line resides here
5. Exosphere:Highest layers, in which the air molecules rarely collide with eachother

Question 6

Thickness of layers in

Earth’s atomsphere

Answer 6

1. Troposphere:0-12Km
2. Stratosphere:12-50Km
3. Mesosphere:50-80Km
4. Thermosphere: 80-700Km
5. Exosphere:700-10,000Km

Question 7

Average temp

Earth’s Crust

Answer 7

Same as atomsphere(14℃)

Question 8

Composition

Continental Crust

Answer 8

Less denser, felsic rocks, such as granite and dalicite

Question 9

Average thickness

Continental Crust

Answer 9

15km

Question 10

Composition

Oceanic crust

Answer 10

More dense, balstic rocks, such as balsalt and manganase

Question 11

Average thickness

Oceanic crust

Answer 11

50km

Question 12

How many tectonic plates are there?

Answer 12

9

Question 13

Names

Tectonic plates(9)

Answer 13

1. African Plate: Underlies Africa and covers approximately 61,300,000 km².
2. Antarctic Plate: Contains Antarctica and the surrounding ocean floor, with an area of about 60,900,000 km².
3. Eurasian Plate: Encompasses most of the continent of Eurasia, spanning around 67,800,000 km².
4. Indo-Australian Plate: Formed by the fusion of the Indian and Australian plates (sometimes considered as two separate plates), covering approximately 58,900,000 km².
5. Australian Plate: Separated from the Indo-Australian Plate about 3 million years ago, with an area of 47,000,000 km².
6. Indian Plate: A minor plate that separated from Gondwana, covering 11,900,000 km².
7. North American Plate: Large tectonic plate including most of North America, Greenland, and part of Siberia, with an area of 75,900,000 km².
8. Pacific Plate: An oceanic tectonic plate beneath the Pacific Ocean, spanning approximately 103,300,000 km².
9. South American Plate: Major tectonic plate including most of South America and a large part of the south Atlantic, with an area of 43,600,000 km².

Question 14

What do divergent boundaries do?

Answer 14

Allow for new crust to be created via rift vallies/ravines

Question 15

What do convergent boundaries do

Answer 15

Allow for existing crust to be destoryed via:
* Fold mountains with two continentals
* Trenches with two oceanics
* Volcanoes with one continental and oceanic

Question 16

What do conservative boundaries do?

Answer 16

Allow for crust to be moved via:
* Earthquakes with continental
* Tsumai with oceanic
* Both with both

Question 17

What do hotspots create

Answer 17

They allow for new island chains/archipelago to be made , such as Hawail

Question 18

Average temp

Mantle

Answer 18

200-4000℃

Question 19

Composition

Mantle

Answer 19

Molten silcate rocks, as well as a abundance of oxygen,iron and magnesuim

Question 20

Explain

Convection current

Answer 20

1. Heat Source: Heat from the Earth’s core causes magma (molten rock) in the mantle to rise towards the crust. This heated rock becomes less dense and moves upwards due to convection currents².
2. Rising Magma: As the hot current nears the crust, it begins to cool and sink back towards the core. The sinking magma drags the tectonic plates along with it across the surface of the Earth².
3. Plate Movement: When heated molten rock rises, it drags the tectonic plate that rests on top of the mantle. This movement can either push plates apart or bring them together, depending on the specific interactions between plates⁴.
4. Converging and Diverging Currents: Convection currents in the upper mantle create a dynamic system. Converging currents drive plates into each other, while diverging currents pull them apart. These movements contribute to the shifting of tectonic plates¹.
5. Self-Driven Plates: Interestingly, some tectonic plates move faster than the currents underneath them. For instance, the Nazca Plate moves eastward faster than the mantle beneath it. This suggests that the plates are not merely passive passengers on the currents; they also pull themselves along during collisions and interactions¹.

Question 21

What two layers are in the Earth’s Lithiosphere

Answer 21

1. Crust
2. Upper mantle

Question 22

What three layers are in the Earth’s Asentosphere

Answer 22

1. Lower mantle
2. Outer core
3. Inner Core

Question 23

Average temp

Outer core

Answer 23

2700-4200℃

Question 24

Composition

Outer core

Answer 24

Liquid Iron and Nickel

Question 25

Average temp

Inner core

Answer 25

5500℃(Sun temp)

Question 26

Composition

Inner core

Answer 26

A solid iron-nickel alloy ball