trafficking/mutilation/transgender Flashcards
What kind of health problems will a trafficker usually suffer from?
Anaemia, malnutrition, respiratory (TB), STD, addiction, trauma injuries
Define female genital mutilation
procedures involving partial or total removal of external female genitalia or any injury to female organs
Which country has the most women effected by female genital mutilation?
egypt
% of women in Somalia who experience genital mutilation?
98%
Primary vs secondary FGM?
primary before age 14, before marriage or 50% under age of 5. secondary is after children
What is type 1 FGM classification?
partial or total removal of the clitoris and prepuce
What is type 2 FGM classification?
removal of clitoris and labia minora. Sometimes also labia majora
What is type 3 FGM classification?
Narrowing the vaginal orifice by sewing together the labia minora and potentially majora
What is type 4 FGM classification?
All other harmful procedures to the female genetalia like pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, cauterizing
What is haematocolpos?
When menstrual blood cannot get out of the vagina
if a female is under 18 years old and FGM occurs, who must be alerted in what time period?
1 month to report to police
What is infundibulation?
Removal of external female genitalia and the suturing of the vulva
Gender variant?
how a persons gender identity, role or expression differs from cultural norms prescribed for people of a particular sex
What is a gender recognition certificate?
Individuals who demonstrated gender dysphoria and lived in that gender role for 2 years at least and legally identified as a man or woman
in the patient pathway of a trangender patient where are they referred on to initially?
Gender identity clinic
What kind of input is given in a gender identity clinic?
psychologists, SLT, endocrinologists, sexual health, dermatology
What do the gender identity development service and gender identity clinic aim to do?
Change their gender role socially, medically and legally
What is given to individuals hoping to transition in order to delay their puberty?
Gonadotrophin releasing analogues
What procedures must a transwoman undergo
Penectomy and removal of testicles, labioplasty, clitoroplasty, vaginoplasty
What procedures must a transman undergo?
Mastectomy, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, urethroplasty, scrotoplasty, phalloplasty
What must you offer a trans individual before you commence sex change therapy?
preservation of gametes with cryopreservation
Screening still needed in transman?
cervical smears
Issues often suffered by a transwoman in terms of their vaginal functioning?
vagina length, hair in the vagina, vaginal lubrication
What does SARC stand for?
sexual assault referral centre
What is the SARC in NI
Rowan
What aftercare is provided at a sexual assault referral centre?
STI screening, emergency contraception
Difference between sexual assault and sexual violence?
Sexual assault is a range of offences like digital penetration or sexual touching whereas sexual violence is any behaviour perceived to be of a sexual nature that is unwanted
5 Fs of responses to trauma?
Flight, freight, friend, flop, freeze
hormone released in fight or flight?
catecholamines
What cognitive effect do catecholamines have in fight or flight response? why?
Dampen the frontal cortex to reduce rational thinking
if someone develops persistent symptoms of nightmares and falshbacks with PTSD after a rape what has developed?
Rape trauma syndrome
Pregnancy risk in rape victims?
5-18%
If someone contacts the Rowan under the age of 18 what happens?
Automatically contact PSNI and social services
Criminal Law Act Section 5?
If anyone knows about an offence that occured that could be punishable with over 5 years imprisonment then that in itself can lead to 5 years in prison
Time limit for vaginal rape examination, what is examined
7 days, vulval, low and high vaginal, endocervical, perianal
Time limit for anal rape examination?
3 days
Time limit for oral rape examination?
2 days
Time limit for digital penetration sexual assault examination?
2 days
What is examined in the rape of a pre-pubertal infant? how many days do they need to be examined within?
Vulval and perianal exam (rarely low vaginal and anal canal)
What signs and aspects of history would be suggestive of child sexual abuse?
masturbation, recurrent UTIs, vaginal discharge, bleeding, bruising, scratching, bites, blood stains on underwear, anal fissures, STI, pain
What do the letters in the STILLNESS model stand for?
sorry its happened, thank you for telling me, i believe you, listen, law, not your fault, even if it is, signpost, soar
