Traditional Technology Flashcards
What is alcoholic fermentation?
Alcoholic fermentation is a process in which micro-organisms such as yeast convert glucose into ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, and energy in the absence of oxygen.
What are some products humans make using alcoholic fermentation?
Humans use alcoholic fermentation to make beer, wine, bread, and other fermented products like cheese and maas.
How is beer made using fermentation?
Beer is made from maize, sorghum, millet, barley, or rice, along with hops. Yeast ferments the sugars in the grains to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide.
How is wine made using fermentation?
Wine is traditionally made from grapes. Yeasts on the skins of the grapes ferment the grape sugar after the grapes are crushed, producing alcohol and carbon dioxide.
How does yeast help in making bread?
Yeast ferments the sugars in bread dough, producing carbon dioxide. The gas creates air pockets in the dough, and when heated in the oven, these pockets expand, making the bread rise. The alcohol evaporates during baking.
How is cheese made using fermentation?
Lactobacillus bacteria convert milk sugar (lactose) into lactic acid. Lactic acid curdles the milk, forming curds, which are separated from the watery whey to make cheese.
How is maas made?
Maas is similar to yogurt and is made by bacterial fermentation of milk. The bacteria produce lactic acid, which thickens the milk and acts as a preservative.
