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Neuro > Tracts > Flashcards

Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

What can ascending tracts be divided into

A

Conscious tracts

Unconscious tracts

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2
Q

What are the unconscious ascending tracts

A

Spinocerebellar tracts

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3
Q

What are the conscious ascending tracts

A

DCML

Anterolateral system

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4
Q

What does the DCML carry

A

Sensory

  • fine touch (tactile sensation)
  • vibration
  • proprioception
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5
Q

Where in the spinal cord does information of the DCML travel

A

Dorsal (posterior) columns

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6
Q

Where in the brainstem is the DCML information transmitted through

A

Medial lemniscus

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7
Q

How do you remember the route of information for DCML

A

dorsal column

medial lemniscal

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8
Q

How many groups of neurones are involved in the DCML

A

3

first
second
third order neurones

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9
Q

DCML

What do first order neurones carry

A

Sensory information from peripheral nerves to medulla oblongata

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10
Q

DCML

What are the two different pathways first order neurones can take

A

Signals from upper limb (T6 and above)
- travel to fasciculus cuneatus (lateral part of the dorsal column)
- synapse with the nucleus cuneatus of the medulla oblongata

Signals from the lower limb (below T6)
- travel to fasciculus gracilis (medial part of the dorsal column)
- synapse in the nucleus gracilis of the medulla oblongata

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11
Q

DCML

What level are upper limb

A

T6 and above

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12
Q

DCML

What level are lower limb

A

Below T6

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13
Q

DCML

Where do signals from the upper limb travel

A

In fasciculus cuneatus - lateral part of the dorsal column

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14
Q

DCML

Where do signals from the lower limb travel

A

In fasciculus gracilis - medial part of the dorsal column

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15
Q

DCML

Where do signals from the upper limb synapse

A

Nucleus cuneatus of the medulla oblongata

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16
Q

DCML

Where do signals from the lower limb synapse

A

Nucleus gracilis of the medulla oblongata

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17
Q

DCML

Describe secondary order neurones

A

Begin in the cuneate nucleus or gracilis

Receives information from the preceding neurones - delivers it to the third order neurones in the thalamus

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18
Q

DCML

Where do fibres decussate

A

Within the medulla oblongata

Then travel in the contralateral medial lemniscus to reach the thalamus

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19
Q

DCML

Describe third order neurones

A

Transit sensory signals from the thalamus to the ipsilateral primary sensory cortex of the brain

20
Q

DCML

Describe the pathway of third order neurones

A

Ascend from the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus - travel through the internal capsule and terminate at the sensory cortex

21
Q

What are the two tracts of the spinothalamic

A

Anterior spinothalamic

Lateral spinothalamic

22
Q

Describe the anterior spinothalamic tract

A

Carries sensory modalities of crude touch and pressure

23
Q

What does the posterior spinothalamic tract carry

A

Carries sensory modalities of pain and temperature

24
Q

Spinothalamic

How many groups of neurones does the tract contain

A

3

First
Second
Third order neurones

25
Q

Spinothalamic

Describe first order neurones

A

Arise from sensory receptors in the periphery

Enter the spinal cord - ascend 1-2 vertebral levels

Synapse at the tip of the dorsal horn

26
Q

Spinothalamic

Where first order fibres synapse

A

1-2 vertebral levels up

Synapse at the tip of the dorsal horn - called substantia gelatinosa

27
Q

Spinothalamic

Describe the route of second order neurones

A

Carry sensory information from the substantia gelatinosa to the thalamus

28
Q

Spinothalamic

Where do fibres decussate

A

Within spinal cord

29
Q

Spinothalamic

Second order neurones

Where do crude touch and pressure fibres enter

A

Anterior spinothalamic tract

30
Q

Spinothalamic

Second order neurones

Where do pain and temperature fibres enter

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract

31
Q

Spinothalamic

What can anterior and posterior spinothalamic tracts be considered

A

Single pathway - tracts run alongside each other

32
Q

Spinothalamic

Where do second order neurones synapse

A

Travel superiorly within the spinal cord

Synapse in the thalamus

33
Q

Spinothalamic

Describe third order neurones

A

Carry sensory signals from the thalamus to the ipsilateral primary sensory cortex of the brain

34
Q

Spinothalamic

Describe the pathway of third order neurones

A

Ascend from the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, travel through the internal capsule and terminate at the sensory cortex

35
Q

Where do corticospinal tracts begin

A

Cerebral cortex

36
Q

What inputs do corticospinal tracts receive

A

Primary motor cortex

Premotor cortex

Supplementary motor area

Receive never fibres from the somatosensory area - play a role in regulating the activity of the ascending tracts

37
Q

Corticospinal tract

What is the route of the neurones

A

Originate in the cortex

Neurones converge

Descend through the internal capsule

Pass through crus cerebri of the mid brain, pons and into medulla

most inferior (caudal) part of the medulla - tract divides into two

38
Q

Describe the internal capsule

A

White matter pathway

Located between the thalamus and basal ganglia

39
Q

Corticospinal

What does the tract divide into

A

Lateral corticospinal tract

Anterior corticospinal tract

40
Q

Corticospinal tract

Describe the fibres within the lateral corticospinal tract

A

Decussate

Descend into the spinal cord

Terminate at the ventral horn (at all levels) - lower motor neurones go from here

41
Q

Corticospinal tract

Describe the fibres of the anterior corticospinal tract

A

Remain ipsilateral

Descends into the spinal cord

Decussate and terminate in ventral horn of cervical and upper thoracic segmental levels

42
Q

Corticospinal tract

Where do fibres of the lateral corticospinal tract terminate

A

Ventral horn of all levels

43
Q

Corticospinal tract

Where do fibres of the anterior corticospinal tract terminate

A

Ventral horn of the cervical and upper thoracic segmental levels

44
Q

Corticospinal tract

Where do fibres of the lateral corticospinal tract decussate

A

Most caudal of the medulla

45
Q

Corticospinal tract

Where do fibres of the posterior corticospinal tract decussate

A

Ventral horn of the cervical and upper thoracic segmental levels

Neuro (15 decks)

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