Bones of the Skull Flashcards
What is the cranium divided into
Roof and Base
What is another name of the cranial roof
Calvarium
What is the cranial roof compromised of
Frontal
Occipital
Two parietal bones
What is the cranial base compromised of
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal bones
What does the cranial base articulate with
1st cervical vertebra (atlas)
Facial bones
Mandible (jaw)
What is another name for the facial skeleton
Viscerocranium
What is the role of the facial skeleton
Supports soft tissues of the face
How many bones does the facial skeleton consist of
14 bones
- zygomatic (2)
- lacrimal (2)
- nasal (2)
- inferior nasal conchae (2)
- palatine (2)
- maxilla (2)
- vomer
- mandible (jaw)
Describe the zygomatic bone
Forms the cheek bones of the face and articulates with the frontal, sphenoid, temporal and maxilla bones
Describe the lacrimal bone
Smallest bone of the face
Form part of the medial wall of the orbit
Describe the nasal bone
Two slender bones that that are located at the bridge of the nose
Describe the inferior nasal conchae
Located within the nasal cavity
These increase the surface area of the nasal cavity - increases the amount of inspired air that can come into contact with the cavity walls
Describe palatine bones
Situated at the rear of the oral cavity
Forms part of the hard palate
Describe the maxilla bone
Compromises part of the upper jaw and hard palate
Describe the vomer bone
Forms the posterior aspect of the nasal septum
Describe the mandible (jaw) bone
Articulates with the base of the cranium at the temporomandibular joint
What type of joint at sutures
Fibrous
What happens to sutures
Immovable and fuse completely at around the age of 20
Name the sutures and there fusions
Coronal suture - fuses the frontal bone with the two parietal bones
Sagittal suture - fuses both parietal bones to each other
Lambdoid suture - fuses the occipital bone to the two parietal bones
What are frontanelles
In neonates - incompletely fused suture joints that give rise to membranous gaps between the bones
Name the frontanelles
Frontal
Occipital
What cranial nerves leave via the internal acoustic meatus
7 - facial
8 - vestibulocochlear
What cranial nerves leave via the jugular foramen
9 - glossopharyngeal
10 - vagus
11 - accessory
What cranial nerves leave via the ethmoid foramen
1 - olfactory
What cranial nerves leave via the optic canal
2 - optic
What cranial nerves leave via the superior orbital fissure
3 - oculomotor
4 - trochlea
6 - abducens
5 (1) - trigeminal ophthalmic
What cranial nerves leave via the foramen rotundum
5 (2) - trigeminal maxillary
What cranial nerves leave via the foramen ovale
5 (3) - trigeminal mandibular
What cranial nerves leave via the hypoglossal canal
12 - hypoglossal
