Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Agents > Traction > Flashcards

Traction Flashcards

1
Q

Traction from what language?

A

Latin- tracio> drawing or pulling apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Traction in papyri

A

Egyptian 3,000 BC axial traction for spinal fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hippocrates Peri arthron

A

776 BC- described traction for treatment of back pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Galen (201 BC), Avicenna (1037) Pare (1690)

A

treated LBP with hippocrates traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

W. Gayle Crutchfield (1933)

A

used cranial tongs for treatment of cervical spine injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

James cyriax (1950s)

A

Traction treatment of choice for small nuclear protrusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Joint distraction

A

The separation of two joint surfaces perpendicular to the plane of articulation
-force applied must be great enough to cause soft tissue elongation around the joint to allow for joint surfaces to distract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lumbar spine physiological effects of traction

A
  • 25% of BW will increase length of spine however;

- 50% of BW needed to distract zygapophyseal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cervical spine physiological effects of traction

A
  • 7% of BW will increase length of spine however;

- 25 pounds of traction separates 2-20 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reduction of Disc protrusion

A

Cyriax traction is treatment of choice for small nuclear protrusions

  • krause et al: lumbar traction force of 60-120lbs can reduce disc prolapse and cause retraction of herniated disc material
  • HNP retracted during traction in: 78.5% median, 66.6% posterolateral, and 57.1% of lateral protrusions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Herniation index

A

AB=maximum AP disc length
CD= width of herniated disc @ mid AB distance
EF=Maximal canal length
GH= width of spinal canal at mid AB distance
Herniation index= (AB x CD)/ (EF x GH) x 1,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Physiological effects of traction

A
  • Soft tissue stretching
  • Muscle relaxation ( dec. spasm)
  • Joint mobilization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Physiological effects of traction: soft tissue stretching

A

Spinal traction will result in elongation of the spine and increase distance between vertebral bodies and facet joints
- process is the same as for stretching any soft tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Physiological effects of traction: Muscle relaxation

A
  • Muscle relaxation due to reduction in pressure on pain sensitive structures
  • static traction: depression of monosynaptic response due to prolonged stretch
  • intermittent traction: stim of GTOs to inhibit alpha motor neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Physiological effects of traction: Joint mobilization

A
  • Due to high-force traction due to stretching of surrounding soft tissue
  • forces up to 50% of body wt required to move joints in the spine
  • lower forces may reduce pain by stimulation of mechanoreceptors> spinal gate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Physiological effects of traction:patient immobilization pain relief by

A
  • increased space between vertebrae
  • separating apophyseal joints
  • widening of IV foramina
  • stretching muscles and ligaments
  • reducing muscle spasm
  • changing IV disc pressure
  • creating suction force on disc
  • flattening abnormal lumbar lordosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Physiological adaptations from traction

A
  • Bone: increases movement between vertebrae
  • ligaments: tensile load ligaments
  • articular facet joints: increase separation, decreases compression loading, allows synovial fluid exchange
  • muscles: lengths tight muscles, activates proprioceptors
  • Nerves: decompress
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Disc bulge or herniation

A
  • Cyriax: indicated for small disc protrusion
  • most effective if used early on
  • can aide in reducing risk of further disc protrusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

DRX90000 spinal decompression

A
  • Claims 86% success rate with patients with LBP

- DRX9000

20
Q

Clinical indications current research

A

Philadelphia panel evidence based clinical practice guidelines on selected rehab interventions for LBP

  • no benefit seen during acute, subacute, or chronic state of healing
  • sample sizes, population choosen, force of traction used???
21
Q

Nerve root impingment

A
  • Best results if applied early
  • indicated if neuro signs present
  • *Causes:
  • disc
  • ligament encroachment
  • narrowing of IV foramen
  • osteophyte encroachment
  • nerve root swelling
  • spondylolithesis
  • *consider for compression load intolerance
22
Q

Clinical indications: joint hypomobility

A
  • can glide and distract spinal jts

- traction is non specific

23
Q

Clinical indications: subacute joint inflammation

A
  • May help maintain normal fluid exchange in spinal joints

- may control pain via gating mechanism

24
Q

Clinical indications

A
  • adhesions
  • muscle spasm (ex paraspinal muscle spasm)
  • foraminal stenosis
  • contracted CT
  • apophyseal joint impingment
  • radiating pain that does not respond to spinal repeated movements
25
Q

Traction contraindications

A
  • where motion is contraindicated
  • with acute injury or inflammation
  • joint hypermobility or instability
  • peripheralization of symptoms with traction
  • uncontrolled hypertension (inversion traction)
  • malignancy
  • infectious spinal diseases (TB)
  • RA
  • Spinal cord compression
  • osteoporosis
  • cardivascular disease
  • aortic aneurysm
  • severe respiratory disease
  • pregnancy (lumbar)
  • hiatal hernia (lumbar)
  • abdominal hernia (lumbar)
  • active peptic ulcers (lumbar)
26
Q

Precautions

A
  • structural diseases
  • when pressure from belts may be hazardous
  • displacement of annular fragment
  • medial disc protrusion
  • severe pain fully relieved by traction
  • claustrophobia
  • Pts who cannot tolerate prone or supine position
  • disorientation
  • TMJ problems
  • Dentures
27
Q

4F APTA practice pattern

A

Impaired joint mobility, motor function, muscle performance, ROM, and reflex integrity associated with spinal disorders

28
Q

4D APTA practice pattern

A

impaired joint mobility, motor function, muscle performance, ROM, and reflex integrity associated with CT dysfunction

29
Q

Inverse traction

A
  • uses BW to provide distraction force
  • popular 10-20 yrs ago
  • lost favor due to potential for increased systolic and diastolic BP as well as ophthalmic artery pressure
  • no longer recommended
30
Q

Application techniques

A
  • Mechanical
    • static> irritable conditions, inflammation, disc protrusion
    • intermittent> jt dysfunctions mobilization effect (on/off times)
  • Electric
  • weighted
  • hydraulic
31
Q

traction belt attachments

A
  • iliac crests

- lower rib cage

32
Q

Lumbar mechanical traction: pt position

A
  • supine hooklying
    • general jt hypomobility
    • stenosis (knees and hips flexed)
  • Prone : disc conditions
  • unilateral lumbar traction: for unilateral symptoms
33
Q

Positional traction

A

-placing pt in a position for a prolonged period of time so as to decompress target tissue

34
Q

Manual traction

A

application of force by the therapist so as to distract target tissue

35
Q

Mechanical spinal traction: safe application for cervical spine

A
  • Optimal pt position
  • Sitting
  • supine (preferred)
  • C-spine should be flexed 20-30 degrees
  • use 0 degrees if intent is to treat AO or AA joint
  • Traction force should be directed toward the occiput rather than the chin
36
Q

Parameters: inital/ acute phase lumbar

A

Force: 13-20 kg (28-44lbs)
Hold/relax: static
total time: 5-10 mins

37
Q

Parameters: joint distraction lumbar

A

Force: 22.5 kg (50lbs); 50% BW
hold/relax: 15/15
total time: 20-30 mins

38
Q

Parameters: decrease muscle spasm lumbar

A

Force: 25% BW
hold/relax: 5/5
total time: 20-30 mins

39
Q

Parameters: disc problems or stretch soft tissue

A

Force: 25% BW
hold/relax: 60/20
total time: 20-30

40
Q

Parameters: inital/ acute phase cervical

A

force: 3-4 kg (7-9lbs)
hold/relax: static
total time: 5-10 mins

41
Q

Parameters: joint distraction cervical

A

force: 9-13 kg (20-29lbs) 7% BW
hold/relax: 15/15
total time: 20-30 mins

42
Q

Parameters: Decrease muscle spasm cervical

A

force: 5-7 kg (11-15 lbs)
hold/relax: 5/5
total time:20-30

43
Q

Parameters: disc problems and stretch soft tissue cervical

A

force: 5-7 kg (11-15 lbs)
hold/relax: 60/20
total time: 20-30 mins

44
Q

Self traction

A

the use of gravity or the weight of body to exert a distraction force on spine

45
Q

CPR for cervical traction for mechanical neck pain

A
  • Age >/= 55
  • positive shoulder abduction test
  • positive ULTT A (elvy’s)
  • sx peripheralize with PACVP of C4-C7
  • positive neck distraction test
    • quality score 67%
    • cervical traction indicated if 3 or more predictor variables are present
      • LR 4.8 yields a small to moderate shift in probability

Physical Agents (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions