Trace Model

Question 0

What levels are there in the TRACE model?

Answer 0

Word

Phoneme

Features

Question 1

What does the TRACE model describe?

Answer 1

Perception

Word recognition

Question 2

What activation is there in the TRACE model?

Answer 2

Excitatory activation between levels

Inhibitory activation within levels: if something has high activation it would try and suppress other nodes so they will win. The more something is activated the more it can suppress

Question 3

What is the Ganong effect?

Answer 3

Ambiguous phonemes presented in lexical context will be perceived as consistent with surrounding context

/b/ - /p/ continuum followed by /ird/
Will hear /b/ for longer than if the words were presented in isolation
Bias induced due to fact that only one produces a real word

Evidence that:
Information following a phoneme can affect perception of phoneme

Question 4

How does the TRACE model work?

Answer 4

1) will start to activate /d/ first
2) will activate different features e.g. Voiced, alveolar
3) at phoneme level /d/ will become activated most and will suppress other phonemes
4) once it has been selected it will go to lexical level which will activate any word with initial /d/
5) all will try to suppress each other
6) then will wait for more information i.e. next phoneme will begin to eliminate other competitors at lexical level