Trace Minerals

Question 1

What are the 6 trace minerals

Answer 1

Iodine, Iron, Selenium, Zinc, Fluoride, Chromium

Question 2

How do we study trace minerals?

Answer 2

in animals or cells

Question 3

Iodine RDA

Answer 3

150 mcg/day

Question 4

Iodine primary role

Answer 4

Thyroid hormone, regulates basal metabolic rate

Question 5

Iodine is part of the protein:

Answer 5

THYROGLOBULIN, an intermediate in thyroid hormone synthesis

Question 6

Iodine Deficiency

Answer 6

Thyroid gland fills with thyroglobulin and traps it there.

Goiter: Reversible, enlarges gland in neck.

Cretinisum: Permanent birth defect in children of mothers who are iodine deficient.

Question 7

Iodine interesting metabolism

Answer 7

Thyroglobulin production increases when iodine is limited

Question 8

Iodine subgroup

Answer 8

Populations consuming foods primarily grown in iodine depleted soils

Question 9

Iodine sources

Answer 9

Foods grown in soils with iodine, iodized salt.

Question 10

Iron RDA

Answer 10

M: 8mg/day, W: 8-18mg/day

Question 11

Iron primary functions

Answer 11

oxygen transport

Question 12

iron main sources

Answer 12

heme vs. non heme; iron cookware?

Question 13

iron deficiency//toxicity

Answer 13

anemia//toxic in large amounts; hematochromatosis; deposits iron in liver and other tissues

Question 14

iron notable digestion/absorption issues

Answer 14

iron absorption efficiency is affected by a lot of things (inhibit and enhancement)

Question 15

Subgroups iron

Answer 15

most common nutrient deficiency in the world, premenopausal women

Question 16

Selenium RDA

Answer 16

55 mcg/day for adults

Question 17

Selenium toxicity

Answer 17

hair loss and diarrhea

Question 18

Selenium function

Answer 18

antioxidant

Question 19

Selenium main source

Answer 19

foods grown or raised in soils rich in selenium

Question 20

Selenium interesting metabolism

Answer 20

Combines with glutathione peroxidase (protein) and has important antioxidant capability regarding 2GSH and GS-SG

Question 21

Selenium subgroups

Answer 21

Despite potential benefit for inexpensive and effective prostate cancer protection/treatment, the SELECT trial (large RCT) demonstrated lack of effect.

Question 22

Zinc RDA

Answer 22

8-11 mg/day for adults

Question 23

Zinc functions

Answer 23

many including night vision with vitamin A

Question 24

zinc sources

Answer 24

animals foods, important for vegetarians to have whole grains and varied diets

Question 25

Major deficiency//toxicity with zinc

Answer 25

Night blindness//nothing specific, but excess can be toxic

Question 26

Notable digestion/absorption issues with Zinc

Answer 26

competes with other divalent cations for absorption like iron and copper

Question 27

interesting zinc metabolism

Answer 27

excess amounts eliminated in digestive tract

Question 28

zinc subgroups

Answer 28

vegetarians

Question 29

is fluoride essential to life

Answer 29

no

Question 30

whats the main source of fluoride

Answer 30

primarily fluoridated drinking water

Question 31

fluoride excess

Answer 31

fluorosis; occurs during tooth development, don’t swallow toothpaste