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Intro To Forensics > Trace Evidence > Flashcards

Trace Evidence Flashcards

1
Q

Trace vs transfer evidence

A

Trace evidence is not always noticeable; transfer is the result of contact

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2
Q

Evidence can be searched for hairs using what?

A

A stereomicroscope

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3
Q

Picking

A

Observing and removing individual hairs

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4
Q

Taping

A

Using the adhesive side of tape to pick up hairs

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5
Q

Vacuuming

A

Using a suction device with a fine screen to capture hairs

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6
Q

Known hair samples are collected by

A

Combing and pulling

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7
Q

Hair

A

Filament growth from the skin

Comprised of keratin, proteins, amino acids and melanin

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8
Q

Cuticle

A

Outermost later of the hair shaft

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9
Q

Cortex

A

Second layer of the hair shaft

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10
Q

Medulla

A

Core of the hair shaft

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11
Q

Anagen phase

A

Active growth phase of hair

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12
Q

Catagen phase

A

Hair stops growing

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13
Q

Telogen phase

A

Hair is naturally shed

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14
Q

Protein fibers

A

Composed of polymers and amino acids; wool and silk

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15
Q

Cellulosic fibers

A

Formed from glucose; cotton and linen

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16
Q

Mineral fibers

A

Composed of silica; asbestos

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17
Q

Natural fibers

A

Protein, cellulosic, mineral

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18
Q

Manufactured fibers

A

Synthetic, Inorganic, Regenerated

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19
Q

Raman Spectroscopy

A

Measures vibrations that bonds undergo within molecules

20
Q

How should paint evidence be collected?

A

Either by collecting the entire item with paint or removing the paint from the item

21
Q

Organic coatings of paint

A

Electrocoat, primer, basecoat, clearcoat

22
Q

Electrocoat

A

First layer; color ranges from black to grey

23
Q

Primer surface

A

Second layer; lots of color pigment

24
Q

Basecoat

A

Becomes the visual color of the automobile

25
Q

Methods of chemical analysis of paint

A

FTIR and pyrolysis gas chromatography

26
Q

FTIR

A

identifies paint materials through measuring absorption of infrared radiation

27
Q

Major types of glass

A

Flat, container, fibers

28
Q

Types of cracks

A

Radial
Concentric
Intersecting

29
Q

Radial cracks

A

Start at the area of impact and move outwards

30
Q

Concentric cracks

A

Occur on side of glass where force was applied; looks like a circle around impact zone

31
Q

Wallner lines

A

Arc-shaped marks that help determine which side of the glass force was applied on

32
Q

Becke line

A

Bright halo at the edge of an object

33
Q

Match point in glass

A

Line disappears

34
Q

Cortical Fusi

A

Small air pockets trapped within the hair body

35
Q

Follicular tag

A

Tissue and living cells forming the proximal tip of a hair strand

36
Q

Human hair has a ____ cuticle

A

imbricate

37
Q

Human hair has a ____ medulla

A

unstructured

38
Q

Human hair cortex makes up _____ of the width

A

65%

39
Q

Hairs in which growth stage are most desirable to be collected at a crime scene?

A

Anagen because they have a follicular tag

40
Q

The light microscope is good for ______

A

magnification

41
Q

The right tool for anisotropy and birefrigence is the _____

A

polarizing light microscope

42
Q

The peaks in UV and IR spectra are caused by

A

Different types of chemical bonds in the material

43
Q

Sherwin Williams makes water-based latex paint in a number of different finishes (levels of shininess) matte, satin, semi-gloss, and glossy. If you compare two paints of the same color, but different finishes, which paint component will be chemically different?

A

the modifier

44
Q

Both Layer comparison and physical match can be performed with which type(s) of paint evidence

A

chips

45
Q

I knocked over a shelf and broke a clear glass unicorn and a clear glass mason jar. Both have nearly identical density, so I will need to use their refractive indices to determin which bits of glass go with which item

A

Polarizing Light Microscope

Hot stage refractometer

Becké line analysis

46
Q

When using the hot oil method, what do we compare between our suspect and our known?

A

The temperature at which the outline of the glass disappears.

Intro To Forensics (19 decks)

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