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Intro To Forensics > Firearms P2 > Flashcards

Firearms P2 Flashcards

1
Q

How do we identify a firearm?

A

Type of firearm
Name/manufacturer
Model number
Caliber
Serial Number

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2
Q

What is required by federal law to be on a firearm?

A

Name and location of manufacturer
Model number
Caliber
Serial Number

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3
Q

Trigger pull

A

amount of force required to move the trigger back far enough to release the sear and discharge the firearm

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4
Q

as the finger is placed farther towards the end of the trigger (power arm), ________ will be required to pull the trigger

A

less force

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5
Q

the trigger becomes ______ to pull as the finger is placed closer to the pivoting point (fulcrum)

A

harder

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6
Q

power arm

A

end of the trigger

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7
Q

fulcrum

A

pivoting point of the trigger

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8
Q

mechanical advantage

A

distance the finger is away from the pivot point

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9
Q

Trigger pull methods

A

weights
spring gauge
computer-based trigger determination

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10
Q

surface preparation

A

polishing the damaged surface to a shiny, mirror-like finish, and removing any grease or dirt

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11
Q

magnetic method

A

a strong magnet is placed behind the firearm, and fine magnetic dust is sprayed over it

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12
Q

chemical etching

A

apply the chemical, let it sit for a few minutes before washing it off and viewing the serial number, then repeating until it is visible

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13
Q

electrochemical

A

increases metal oxidation of the metal is d with an electric current

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14
Q

the most important factor is the _______ left behind on the bullet or cartridge case

A

clarity of marks

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15
Q

IBIS

A

Integrated Ballistics Identification System, used to help link bullet and cartridge case evidence from one crime to another

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16
Q

How is IBIS used?

A

Digital images are taken of the evidence and stored on the database, which is linked through the National Integrated Ballistics Information Network (NIBIN). These digital images are given a signature which can be compared to other images representing bullets or cartridge cases within the same class

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17
Q

What do sticky stubs do?

A

Collect metallic primer residues

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18
Q

What does sodium rhodizonate do?

A

Tests for lead

19
Q

What does griess do?

A

Tests for nitrates in gunpowder

20
Q

Chamber

A

Area at the rear of the barrel that houses a cartridge during firing

21
Q

Breech

A

Rear wall of the chamber

22
Q

Firing pin

A

Forcefully strikes cartridge, igniting it

23
Q

Trigger

A

Lever that is pulled to release the firing pin

24
Q

Rifled barrels

A

Fires BULLETS
Interior has spiraled lands and grooves
Width of the barrel is called the bore

25
Q

Smooth barrels

A

Fires SHOTS or SLUGS
Width of barrel is the gauge

26
Q

Shotgun characteristics

A

Smooth barrel
Two part stock
Slide/bolt/pump action

27
Q

Rifle characteristics

A

Rifled barrel
Two part stock
Slide/bolt action

28
Q

Pistol characteristics

A

Rifled barrel
One part grip
Slide/bolt action

29
Q

Revolver characteristics

A

Rifled barrel
One part grip
Cylinder action

30
Q

Components of a cartridge

A

Case
Primer
Propellant (powder)
Projectile (bullet)

31
Q

Bullets have a ____ core

A

Lead

32
Q

The smaller the shot number, the

A

Larger the shot

33
Q

Components of a shell

A

Shot
Wad
Powder
Primer
Hull/Case

34
Q

Calvin Goddard

A

US army colonel/physician who developed the comparison microscope

35
Q

When creating exemplars, bullets are fired into

A

Water, soft rubber, graphite, or soft fibers

36
Q

What information do headstamps typically contain?

A

Size
Cartridge descriptor
Manufacturer

37
Q

Comparison process

A

Place cases or bullets on stages
Line up corresponding marks
Photograph
Count CMS

38
Q

You find primer residues at what distance?

A

Less than 10m

39
Q

Which test do you use to identify bullet holes in clothing?

A

Sodium rhodizonate test

40
Q

The SEM detects what

A

Primer residue

41
Q

When attempting to recover serial numbers, why do we use acids for recovery?

A

Acids attack the denser metal under the serial number more slowly than the metal surrounding the number

42
Q

What shape impression does the firing pin make?

A

Round shape

43
Q

What does the breech face do to a cartridge

A

Presses against cartridge and leaves lines

44
Q

What do you submit to NIBIN

A

photos of breechface, firing pin, ejector and land marking on test fired bullet

Intro To Forensics (19 decks)

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