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Intro To Forensics > Anthropology/Entomology > Flashcards

Anthropology/Entomology Flashcards

1
Q

Osteology

A

Study of bones

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2
Q

Ossification centers

A

Places where bone growth begins

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3
Q

Clandestine Grave

A

The area where a body has been purposely buried with the intent to disguise the location

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4
Q

GPR

A

Ground penetrating radar

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5
Q

Taphonomic Context

A

The immediate environment and surroundings where a body is found

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6
Q

Cortical bone

A

Outer dense bone layer

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7
Q

Trabecular bone

A

Spongy bone

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8
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Area on the pelvis where the right and left pelvis halves join in the front of the body

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9
Q

Associated female traits

A

Broad, shallow sciatic notch and a u-shaped subpubic angle

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10
Q

Disarticulated

A

When joints are no longer held together with soft tissue

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11
Q

Plastic deformation

A

Amount of warping in bone fragments

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12
Q

Equifinality

A

Having the same effect or result from different events

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13
Q

Forensic entomology is based on

A

Estimation of time since death

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14
Q

Screening area

A

Area where material from the grave and surrounding area is sifted through to reveal human remains

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15
Q

Dental formula for a human child?

A

2.1.2

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16
Q

Most reliable and specific indicator of the age of adult skeletal remains?

A

Pubic symphysis

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17
Q

How many bones does an adult have on average?

A

206

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18
Q

Allometry

A

The ability to estimate stature based on the proportional relationships between sizes of body parts

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19
Q

What is one way that insects can indicate that an animal was killed by a hunter as opposed to a disease or illness?

A

Finding many larger, older maggots in locations far from natural orifices

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20
Q

What features are unique to human skeletal structures?

A

-Separate radius/ulna bones
-Broad,short, bowl shaped pelvis
-Flat and blade shaped scapula

21
Q

What skull feature is the most distinguishable among individual races?

A

Nasal opening

22
Q

What things make dentition individualizing?

A

-Arrangement
-Alignment
-Missing teeth, fillings, etc

23
Q

Extra unusual class level dental features

A

-Odd spacing
-Diastema (tooth gap)
-Extra bulge on back of molar
-Small incisors

24
Q

How do forensic odontologists identify an individual?

A

-Panoramic X-rays
-Compare to Known

25
Q

Things forensic odontologists look at when comparing teeth?

A

-Crown shape/thickness
-Cavities & Abrasion
-Root shape
-Pulp chamber shape & size
-Pulp stones, cysts, ostitis
-Dental restoration

26
Q

What’s something to take into consideration regarding x-rays?

A

There may be a significant time gap due to the individual not having been to the dentist in a while antemortem

27
Q

Odontometrics

A

Bite Mark Analysis

28
Q

Questions asked by a forensic entomologist

A

How long have they been dead?
How long have they been infested by fly larvae?
Where have they been?
Who have these bugs been eating?

29
Q

Which flies indicate active decay?

A

-Blow flies
-Flesh flies
-House flies

30
Q

Which flies indicate advanced decay?

A

-House flies
-Scuttle flies
-Cheese Skippers

31
Q

Beetles and their common association

A

-Carrion beetles (Meat)
-Checkered beetles (Meat)
-Rove beetles (Maggot predators)
-Skin beetles (Late Decay; eat hair, skin)

32
Q

Myiasis

A

Flies inhabiting living tissue

33
Q

Myiasis is typically the result of…

A

Abuse & neglect

34
Q

What are some techniques used to locate remains?

A

Visual detection
GPR
Cadaver dogs
Metal detector
Ground penetrometer

35
Q

Beetles that are attracted to corpses to predate larvae/maggots

A

Rove beetles

36
Q

Beetles that are a sign of late-stage decay; feed on hair

A

Skin beetles

37
Q

Difference between male and female skulls

A

Male skulls have more prominent brow ridges and larger mastoid processes than females

38
Q

Common features among those of European descent?

A

Aviator orbital shape
Long/narrow nasal opening
Smooth incisors
Flat cranium frontal plane

39
Q

Common features among those of African descent?

A

Square orbital shape
Wide, guttered nasal opening
Smooth incisors
Outward projecting cranium frontal plane

40
Q

Common features among those of Asian descent?

A

Circular orbital shape
Small, rounded nasal opening
Shoveled interior incisors
Flat or outward projecting cranium

41
Q

Blunt force will leave what marks on bones?

A

Impact marks and fragmented bones

42
Q

Sharp force will leave what marks on bones?

A

Cutting marks or patterns

43
Q

A gunshot wound will leave what mark on bones?

A

A distinct pattern via projectile

44
Q

Postmortem breaks tend to ____ while perimortem breaks tend to ____

A

shatter; splinter

45
Q

Clean breaks are most often _____

A

perimortem

46
Q

What does a blowfly look like?

A

Shiny green/blue

47
Q

What does a flesh fly look like?

A

White and black

48
Q

What does a scuttle fly look like?

A

Very small and thin legs

49
Q

What do checkered beetles look like?

A

Shiny carapaces

Intro To Forensics (19 decks)

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