TPN, NG tubes, Colostomy, catheter, trach, hypoxia Flashcards
when is parental nutrition used?
when GI system is not functioning or when client can’t consume enough calories orally
what is TPN
it provide complete nutrition and is also used when caloric needs are very high
anticipated duration of therapy is greater then 7 days
solution is hypertonic (10% dextrose)
where can TPN be administered?
in a central vein
what is PPN
nutritionally complete solution
there is limited nutritional value because it is administered into peripheral vein
short term nutritional therapy and fewer calories
the solution is isotonic (less than 10% dextrose)
what are the different components of parenteral nutrition solutions?
amino acids
dextrose (10 - 50%)
electrolytes
vitamins and trace minerals
is PN medical or surgical asepsis?
surgical asepsis
what condition would a higher concentration of dextrose be prescribed for?
client of fluid restrictions
what condition is controlled through a lower-dextrose concentration
hyperglycemia
what vitamin can be added to a PN solution
K
how are lipids added to PN?
- piggy back
- given intermittently
why would additional piggybacks in PN solution be contraindicated?
hyperlipidemia
hepatic disease
allergy to soybean oil, eggs or safflower oil
what does lipid emulsion provide for PN
- needed calories when the dextrose concentration has to be decreased due to fluid restrictions
- increases calories w/o increasing osmolality
what should the nurse evaluate before starting PN?
weight BMI nutritional status diagnosis lab tests education over PN
why is an electronic infusion device used with PN?
accidental overload of a solution
what should the nurse constantly assess throughout PN therapy?
I & O daily weight vital signs labs evaluation of underlining conditions
intervention for hyperglycemia on PN
insulin (following glucose check)
should you increase the flow rate for PN to catch up?
No
what can a rapid administration cause?
dehydration hypovolemic shock seizures coma death
how often should the PN bag and tubing be changed
every 24 hours
what is cracking of a TPN solution? can you still administer this solution?
if the Ca or Phosphorous content is too high
there is a layer of fat on top of the solution
NO - do not administer
complications from PN therapy include what?
infection and sepsis
metabolic complications
mechanical complications of the actual placement of the tube
